alloy_consensus/transaction/

eip1559.rs

use crate::{EncodableSignature, SignableTransaction, Signed, Transaction, TxType};
use alloc::vec::Vec;
use alloy_eips::{eip2930::AccessList, eip7702::SignedAuthorization};
use alloy_primitives::{keccak256, Bytes, ChainId, Parity, Signature, TxKind, B256, U256};
use alloy_rlp::{BufMut, Decodable, Encodable, Header};
use core::mem;

/// A transaction with a priority fee ([EIP-1559](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1559)).
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(any(test, feature = "arbitrary"), derive(arbitrary::Arbitrary))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(rename_all = "camelCase"))]
#[doc(alias = "Eip1559Transaction", alias = "TransactionEip1559", alias = "Eip1559Tx")]
pub struct TxEip1559 {
    /// EIP-155: Simple replay attack protection
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(with = "alloy_serde::quantity"))]
    pub chain_id: ChainId,
    /// A scalar value equal to the number of transactions sent by the sender; formally Tn.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(with = "alloy_serde::quantity"))]
    pub nonce: u64,
    /// A scalar value equal to the maximum
    /// amount of gas that should be used in executing
    /// this transaction. This is paid up-front, before any
    /// computation is done and may not be increased
    /// later; formally Tg.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(with = "alloy_serde::quantity", rename = "gas"))]
    pub gas_limit: u64,
    /// A scalar value equal to the maximum
    /// amount of gas that should be used in executing
    /// this transaction. This is paid up-front, before any
    /// computation is done and may not be increased
    /// later; formally Tg.
    ///
    /// As ethereum circulation is around 120mil eth as of 2022 that is around
    /// 120000000000000000000000000 wei we are safe to use u128 as its max number is:
    /// 340282366920938463463374607431768211455
    ///
    /// This is also known as `GasFeeCap`
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(with = "alloy_serde::quantity"))]
    pub max_fee_per_gas: u128,
    /// Max Priority fee that transaction is paying
    ///
    /// As ethereum circulation is around 120mil eth as of 2022 that is around
    /// 120000000000000000000000000 wei we are safe to use u128 as its max number is:
    /// 340282366920938463463374607431768211455
    ///
    /// This is also known as `GasTipCap`
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(with = "alloy_serde::quantity"))]
    pub max_priority_fee_per_gas: u128,
    /// The 160-bit address of the message call’s recipient or, for a contract creation
    /// transaction, ∅, used here to denote the only member of B0 ; formally Tt.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "TxKind::is_create"))]
    pub to: TxKind,
    /// A scalar value equal to the number of Wei to
    /// be transferred to the message call’s recipient or,
    /// in the case of contract creation, as an endowment
    /// to the newly created account; formally Tv.
    pub value: U256,
    /// The accessList specifies a list of addresses and storage keys;
    /// these addresses and storage keys are added into the `accessed_addresses`
    /// and `accessed_storage_keys` global sets (introduced in EIP-2929).
    /// A gas cost is charged, though at a discount relative to the cost of
    /// accessing outside the list.
    pub access_list: AccessList,
    /// Input has two uses depending if transaction is Create or Call (if `to` field is None or
    /// Some). pub init: An unlimited size byte array specifying the
    /// EVM-code for the account initialisation procedure CREATE,
    /// data: An unlimited size byte array specifying the
    /// input data of the message call, formally Td.
    pub input: Bytes,
}

impl TxEip1559 {
    /// Returns the effective gas price for the given `base_fee`.
    pub const fn effective_gas_price(&self, base_fee: Option<u64>) -> u128 {
        match base_fee {
            None => self.max_fee_per_gas,
            Some(base_fee) => {
                // if the tip is greater than the max priority fee per gas, set it to the max
                // priority fee per gas + base fee
                let tip = self.max_fee_per_gas.saturating_sub(base_fee as u128);
                if tip > self.max_priority_fee_per_gas {
                    self.max_priority_fee_per_gas + base_fee as u128
                } else {
                    // otherwise return the max fee per gas
                    self.max_fee_per_gas
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Decodes the inner [TxEip1559] fields from RLP bytes.
    ///
    /// NOTE: This assumes a RLP header has already been decoded, and _just_ decodes the following
    /// RLP fields in the following order:
    ///
    /// - `chain_id`
    /// - `nonce`
    /// - `max_priority_fee_per_gas`
    /// - `max_fee_per_gas`
    /// - `gas_limit`
    /// - `to`
    /// - `value`
    /// - `data` (`input`)
    /// - `access_list`
    pub fn decode_fields(buf: &mut &[u8]) -> alloy_rlp::Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            chain_id: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            nonce: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            max_priority_fee_per_gas: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            max_fee_per_gas: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            gas_limit: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            to: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            value: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            input: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
            access_list: Decodable::decode(buf)?,
        })
    }

    /// Outputs the length of the transaction's fields, without a RLP header.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    pub fn fields_len(&self) -> usize {
        let mut len = 0;
        len += self.chain_id.length();
        len += self.nonce.length();
        len += self.max_priority_fee_per_gas.length();
        len += self.max_fee_per_gas.length();
        len += self.gas_limit.length();
        len += self.to.length();
        len += self.value.length();
        len += self.input.0.length();
        len += self.access_list.length();
        len
    }

    /// Encodes only the transaction's fields into the desired buffer, without a RLP header.
    pub(crate) fn encode_fields(&self, out: &mut dyn alloy_rlp::BufMut) {
        self.chain_id.encode(out);
        self.nonce.encode(out);
        self.max_priority_fee_per_gas.encode(out);
        self.max_fee_per_gas.encode(out);
        self.gas_limit.encode(out);
        self.to.encode(out);
        self.value.encode(out);
        self.input.0.encode(out);
        self.access_list.encode(out);
    }

    /// Returns what the encoded length should be, if the transaction were RLP encoded with the
    /// given signature, depending on the value of `with_header`.
    ///
    /// If `with_header` is `true`, the payload length will include the RLP header length.
    /// If `with_header` is `false`, the payload length will not include the RLP header length.
    pub fn encoded_len_with_signature<S>(&self, signature: &S, with_header: bool) -> usize
    where
        S: EncodableSignature,
    {
        // this counts the tx fields and signature fields
        let payload_length = self.fields_len() + signature.rlp_vrs_len();

        // this counts:
        // * tx type byte
        // * inner header length
        // * inner payload length
        let inner_payload_length =
            1 + Header { list: true, payload_length }.length() + payload_length;

        if with_header {
            // header length plus length of the above, wrapped with a string header
            Header { list: false, payload_length: inner_payload_length }.length()
                + inner_payload_length
        } else {
            inner_payload_length
        }
    }

    /// Inner encoding function that is used for both rlp [`Encodable`] trait and for calculating
    /// hash that for eip2718 does not require a rlp header.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    pub fn encode_with_signature<S>(&self, signature: &S, out: &mut dyn BufMut, with_header: bool)
    where
        S: EncodableSignature,
    {
        let payload_length = self.fields_len() + signature.rlp_vrs_len();
        if with_header {
            Header {
                list: false,
                payload_length: 1 + Header { list: true, payload_length }.length() + payload_length,
            }
            .encode(out);
        }
        out.put_u8(self.tx_type() as u8);
        self.encode_with_signature_fields(signature, out);
    }

    /// Decodes the transaction from RLP bytes, including the signature.
    ///
    /// This __does not__ expect the bytes to start with a transaction type byte or string
    /// header.
    ///
    /// This __does__ expect the bytes to start with a list header and include a signature.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    pub fn decode_signed_fields(buf: &mut &[u8]) -> alloy_rlp::Result<Signed<Self>> {
        let header = Header::decode(buf)?;
        if !header.list {
            return Err(alloy_rlp::Error::UnexpectedString);
        }

        // record original length so we can check encoding
        let original_len = buf.len();

        let tx = Self::decode_fields(buf)?;
        let signature = Signature::decode_rlp_vrs(buf)?;

        if !matches!(signature.v(), Parity::Parity(_)) {
            return Err(alloy_rlp::Error::Custom("invalid parity for typed transaction"));
        }

        let signed = tx.into_signed(signature);
        if buf.len() + header.payload_length != original_len {
            return Err(alloy_rlp::Error::ListLengthMismatch {
                expected: header.payload_length,
                got: original_len - buf.len(),
            });
        }

        Ok(signed)
    }

    /// Encodes the transaction from RLP bytes, including the signature. This __does not__ encode a
    /// tx type byte or string header.
    ///
    /// This __does__ encode a list header and include a signature.
    pub fn encode_with_signature_fields<S>(&self, signature: &S, out: &mut dyn BufMut)
    where
        S: EncodableSignature,
    {
        let payload_length = self.fields_len() + signature.rlp_vrs_len();
        let header = Header { list: true, payload_length };
        header.encode(out);
        self.encode_fields(out);
        signature.write_rlp_vrs(out);
    }

    /// Get transaction type
    #[doc(alias = "transaction_type")]
    pub(crate) const fn tx_type(&self) -> TxType {
        TxType::Eip1559
    }

    /// Calculates a heuristic for the in-memory size of the [TxEip1559] transaction.
    #[inline]
    pub fn size(&self) -> usize {
        mem::size_of::<ChainId>() + // chain_id
        mem::size_of::<u64>() + // nonce
        mem::size_of::<u64>() + // gas_limit
        mem::size_of::<u128>() + // max_fee_per_gas
        mem::size_of::<u128>() + // max_priority_fee_per_gas
        self.to.size() + // to
        mem::size_of::<U256>() + // value
        self.access_list.size() + // access_list
        self.input.len() // input
    }
}

impl Transaction for TxEip1559 {
    fn chain_id(&self) -> Option<ChainId> {
        Some(self.chain_id)
    }

    fn nonce(&self) -> u64 {
        self.nonce
    }

    fn gas_limit(&self) -> u64 {
        self.gas_limit
    }

    fn gas_price(&self) -> Option<u128> {
        None
    }

    fn max_fee_per_gas(&self) -> u128 {
        self.max_fee_per_gas
    }

    fn max_priority_fee_per_gas(&self) -> Option<u128> {
        Some(self.max_priority_fee_per_gas)
    }

    fn max_fee_per_blob_gas(&self) -> Option<u128> {
        None
    }

    fn priority_fee_or_price(&self) -> u128 {
        self.max_priority_fee_per_gas
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> TxKind {
        self.to
    }

    fn value(&self) -> U256 {
        self.value
    }

    fn input(&self) -> &Bytes {
        &self.input
    }

    fn ty(&self) -> u8 {
        TxType::Eip1559 as u8
    }

    fn access_list(&self) -> Option<&AccessList> {
        Some(&self.access_list)
    }

    fn blob_versioned_hashes(&self) -> Option<&[B256]> {
        None
    }

    fn authorization_list(&self) -> Option<&[SignedAuthorization]> {
        None
    }
}

impl SignableTransaction<Signature> for TxEip1559 {
    fn set_chain_id(&mut self, chain_id: ChainId) {
        self.chain_id = chain_id;
    }

    fn encode_for_signing(&self, out: &mut dyn alloy_rlp::BufMut) {
        out.put_u8(self.tx_type() as u8);
        self.encode(out)
    }

    fn payload_len_for_signature(&self) -> usize {
        self.length() + 1
    }

    fn into_signed(self, signature: Signature) -> Signed<Self> {
        // Drop any v chain id value to ensure the signature format is correct at the time of
        // combination for an EIP-1559 transaction. V should indicate the y-parity of the
        // signature.
        let signature = signature.with_parity_bool();

        let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(self.encoded_len_with_signature(&signature, false));
        self.encode_with_signature(&signature, &mut buf, false);
        let hash = keccak256(&buf);

        Signed::new_unchecked(self, signature, hash)
    }
}

impl Encodable for TxEip1559 {
    fn encode(&self, out: &mut dyn BufMut) {
        Header { list: true, payload_length: self.fields_len() }.encode(out);
        self.encode_fields(out);
    }

    fn length(&self) -> usize {
        let payload_length = self.fields_len();
        Header { list: true, payload_length }.length() + payload_length
    }
}

impl Decodable for TxEip1559 {
    fn decode(data: &mut &[u8]) -> alloy_rlp::Result<Self> {
        let header = Header::decode(data)?;
        let remaining_len = data.len();

        if header.payload_length > remaining_len {
            return Err(alloy_rlp::Error::InputTooShort);
        }

        Self::decode_fields(data)
    }
}

/// Bincode-compatible [`TxEip1559`] serde implementation.
#[cfg(all(feature = "serde", feature = "serde-bincode-compat"))]
pub(super) mod serde_bincode_compat {
    use alloc::borrow::Cow;
    use alloy_eips::eip2930::AccessList;
    use alloy_primitives::{Bytes, ChainId, TxKind, U256};
    use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
    use serde_with::{DeserializeAs, SerializeAs};

    /// Bincode-compatible [`super::TxEip1559`] serde implementation.
    ///
    /// Intended to use with the [`serde_with::serde_as`] macro in the following way:
    /// ```rust
    /// use alloy_consensus::{serde_bincode_compat, TxEip1559};
    /// use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
    /// use serde_with::serde_as;
    ///
    /// #[serde_as]
    /// #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
    /// struct Data {
    ///     #[serde_as(as = "serde_bincode_compat::transaction::TxEip1559")]
    ///     transaction: TxEip1559,
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
    pub struct TxEip1559<'a> {
        chain_id: ChainId,
        nonce: u64,
        gas_limit: u64,
        max_fee_per_gas: u128,
        max_priority_fee_per_gas: u128,
        #[serde(default)]
        to: TxKind,
        value: U256,
        access_list: Cow<'a, AccessList>,
        input: Cow<'a, Bytes>,
    }

    impl<'a> From<&'a super::TxEip1559> for TxEip1559<'a> {
        fn from(value: &'a super::TxEip1559) -> Self {
            Self {
                chain_id: value.chain_id,
                nonce: value.nonce,
                gas_limit: value.gas_limit,
                max_fee_per_gas: value.max_fee_per_gas,
                max_priority_fee_per_gas: value.max_priority_fee_per_gas,
                to: value.to,
                value: value.value,
                access_list: Cow::Borrowed(&value.access_list),
                input: Cow::Borrowed(&value.input),
            }
        }
    }

    impl<'a> From<TxEip1559<'a>> for super::TxEip1559 {
        fn from(value: TxEip1559<'a>) -> Self {
            Self {
                chain_id: value.chain_id,
                nonce: value.nonce,
                gas_limit: value.gas_limit,
                max_fee_per_gas: value.max_fee_per_gas,
                max_priority_fee_per_gas: value.max_priority_fee_per_gas,
                to: value.to,
                value: value.value,
                access_list: value.access_list.into_owned(),
                input: value.input.into_owned(),
            }
        }
    }

    impl SerializeAs<super::TxEip1559> for TxEip1559<'_> {
        fn serialize_as<S>(source: &super::TxEip1559, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
        where
            S: Serializer,
        {
            TxEip1559::from(source).serialize(serializer)
        }
    }

    impl<'de> DeserializeAs<'de, super::TxEip1559> for TxEip1559<'de> {
        fn deserialize_as<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<super::TxEip1559, D::Error>
        where
            D: Deserializer<'de>,
        {
            TxEip1559::deserialize(deserializer).map(Into::into)
        }
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    mod tests {
        use arbitrary::Arbitrary;
        use rand::Rng;
        use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
        use serde_with::serde_as;

        use super::super::{serde_bincode_compat, TxEip1559};

        #[test]
        fn test_tx_eip1559_bincode_roundtrip() {
            #[serde_as]
            #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
            struct Data {
                #[serde_as(as = "serde_bincode_compat::TxEip1559")]
                transaction: TxEip1559,
            }

            let mut bytes = [0u8; 1024];
            rand::thread_rng().fill(bytes.as_mut_slice());
            let data = Data {
                transaction: TxEip1559::arbitrary(&mut arbitrary::Unstructured::new(&bytes))
                    .unwrap(),
            };

            let encoded = bincode::serialize(&data).unwrap();
            let decoded: Data = bincode::deserialize(&encoded).unwrap();
            assert_eq!(decoded, data);
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(all(test, feature = "k256"))]
mod tests {
    use super::TxEip1559;
    use crate::SignableTransaction;
    use alloy_eips::eip2930::AccessList;
    use alloy_primitives::{address, b256, hex, Address, Signature, B256, U256};

    #[test]
    fn recover_signer_eip1559() {
        let signer: Address = address!("dd6b8b3dc6b7ad97db52f08a275ff4483e024cea");
        let hash: B256 = b256!("0ec0b6a2df4d87424e5f6ad2a654e27aaeb7dac20ae9e8385cc09087ad532ee0");

        let tx =  TxEip1559 {
            chain_id: 1,
            nonce: 0x42,
            gas_limit: 44386,
            to: address!("6069a6c32cf691f5982febae4faf8a6f3ab2f0f6").into(),
            value: U256::from(0_u64),
            input:  hex!("a22cb4650000000000000000000000005eee75727d804a2b13038928d36f8b188945a57a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000").into(),
            max_fee_per_gas: 0x4a817c800,
            max_priority_fee_per_gas: 0x3b9aca00,
            access_list: AccessList::default(),
        };

        let sig = Signature::from_scalars_and_parity(
            b256!("840cfc572845f5786e702984c2a582528cad4b49b2a10b9db1be7fca90058565"),
            b256!("25e7109ceb98168d95b09b18bbf6b685130e0562f233877d492b94eee0c5b6d1"),
            false,
        )
        .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(
            tx.signature_hash(),
            hex!("0d5688ac3897124635b6cf1bc0e29d6dfebceebdc10a54d74f2ef8b56535b682")
        );

        let signed_tx = tx.into_signed(sig);
        assert_eq!(*signed_tx.hash(), hash, "Expected same hash");
        assert_eq!(signed_tx.recover_signer().unwrap(), signer, "Recovering signer should pass.");
    }

    #[test]
    fn encode_decode_eip1559() {
        let hash: B256 = b256!("0ec0b6a2df4d87424e5f6ad2a654e27aaeb7dac20ae9e8385cc09087ad532ee0");

        let tx =  TxEip1559 {
            chain_id: 1,
            nonce: 0x42,
            gas_limit: 44386,
            to: address!("6069a6c32cf691f5982febae4faf8a6f3ab2f0f6").into(),
            value: U256::from(0_u64),
            input:  hex!("a22cb4650000000000000000000000005eee75727d804a2b13038928d36f8b188945a57a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000").into(),
            max_fee_per_gas: 0x4a817c800,
            max_priority_fee_per_gas: 0x3b9aca00,
            access_list: AccessList::default(),
        };

        let sig = Signature::from_scalars_and_parity(
            b256!("840cfc572845f5786e702984c2a582528cad4b49b2a10b9db1be7fca90058565"),
            b256!("25e7109ceb98168d95b09b18bbf6b685130e0562f233877d492b94eee0c5b6d1"),
            false,
        )
        .unwrap();

        let mut buf = vec![];
        tx.encode_with_signature_fields(&sig, &mut buf);
        let decoded = TxEip1559::decode_signed_fields(&mut &buf[..]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(decoded, tx.into_signed(sig));
        assert_eq!(*decoded.hash(), hash);
    }
}