ark_bls12_381/curves/
g1.rs

use ark_ec::{
    bls12,
    bls12::Bls12Config,
    hashing::curve_maps::wb::{IsogenyMap, WBConfig},
    models::CurveConfig,
    scalar_mul::glv::GLVConfig,
    short_weierstrass::{Affine, SWCurveConfig},
    AffineRepr, PrimeGroup,
};
use ark_ff::{AdditiveGroup, BigInt, MontFp, PrimeField, Zero};
use ark_serialize::{Compress, SerializationError};
use ark_std::{ops::Neg, One};

use super::g1_swu_iso;
use crate::{
    util::{
        read_g1_compressed, read_g1_uncompressed, serialize_fq, EncodingFlags, G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE,
    },
    Fq, Fr,
};

pub type G1Affine = bls12::G1Affine<crate::Config>;
pub type G1Projective = bls12::G1Projective<crate::Config>;

#[derive(Clone, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Config;

impl CurveConfig for Config {
    type BaseField = Fq;
    type ScalarField = Fr;

    /// COFACTOR = (x - 1)^2 / 3  = 76329603384216526031706109802092473003
    const COFACTOR: &'static [u64] = &[0x8c00aaab0000aaab, 0x396c8c005555e156];

    /// COFACTOR_INV = COFACTOR^{-1} mod r
    /// = 52435875175126190458656871551744051925719901746859129887267498875565241663483
    const COFACTOR_INV: Fr =
        MontFp!("52435875175126190458656871551744051925719901746859129887267498875565241663483");
}

impl SWCurveConfig for Config {
    /// COEFF_A = 0
    const COEFF_A: Fq = Fq::ZERO;

    /// COEFF_B = 4
    const COEFF_B: Fq = MontFp!("4");

    /// AFFINE_GENERATOR_COEFFS = (G1_GENERATOR_X, G1_GENERATOR_Y)
    const GENERATOR: G1Affine = G1Affine::new_unchecked(G1_GENERATOR_X, G1_GENERATOR_Y);

    #[inline(always)]
    fn mul_by_a(_: Self::BaseField) -> Self::BaseField {
        Self::BaseField::zero()
    }

    #[inline]
    fn mul_projective(p: &G1Projective, scalar: &[u64]) -> G1Projective {
        let s = Self::ScalarField::from_sign_and_limbs(true, scalar);
        GLVConfig::glv_mul_projective(*p, s)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn is_in_correct_subgroup_assuming_on_curve(p: &G1Affine) -> bool {
        // Algorithm from Section 6 of https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1130.
        //
        // Check that endomorphism_p(P) == -[X^2]P

        // An early-out optimization described in Section 6.
        // If uP == P but P != point of infinity, then the point is not in the right
        // subgroup.
        let x_times_p = p.mul_bigint(crate::Config::X);
        if x_times_p.eq(p) && !p.infinity {
            return false;
        }

        let minus_x_squared_times_p = x_times_p.mul_bigint(crate::Config::X).neg();
        let endomorphism_p = endomorphism(p);
        minus_x_squared_times_p.eq(&endomorphism_p)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn clear_cofactor(p: &G1Affine) -> G1Affine {
        // Using the effective cofactor, as explained in
        // Section 5 of https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/403.pdf.
        //
        // It is enough to multiply by (1 - x), instead of (x - 1)^2 / 3
        let h_eff = one_minus_x().into_bigint();
        Config::mul_affine(&p, h_eff.as_ref()).into()
    }

    fn deserialize_with_mode<R: ark_serialize::Read>(
        mut reader: R,
        compress: ark_serialize::Compress,
        validate: ark_serialize::Validate,
    ) -> Result<Affine<Self>, ark_serialize::SerializationError> {
        let p = if compress == ark_serialize::Compress::Yes {
            read_g1_compressed(&mut reader)?
        } else {
            read_g1_uncompressed(&mut reader)?
        };

        if validate == ark_serialize::Validate::Yes && !p.is_in_correct_subgroup_assuming_on_curve()
        {
            return Err(SerializationError::InvalidData);
        }
        Ok(p)
    }

    fn serialize_with_mode<W: ark_serialize::Write>(
        item: &Affine<Self>,
        mut writer: W,
        compress: ark_serialize::Compress,
    ) -> Result<(), SerializationError> {
        let encoding = EncodingFlags {
            is_compressed: compress == ark_serialize::Compress::Yes,
            is_infinity: item.is_zero(),
            is_lexographically_largest: item.y > -item.y,
        };
        let mut p = *item;
        if encoding.is_infinity {
            p = G1Affine::zero();
        }
        // need to access the field struct `x` directly, otherwise we get None from xy()
        // method
        let x_bytes = serialize_fq(p.x);
        if encoding.is_compressed {
            let mut bytes: [u8; G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE] = x_bytes;

            encoding.encode_flags(&mut bytes);
            writer.write_all(&bytes)?;
        } else {
            let mut bytes = [0u8; 2 * G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE];
            bytes[0..G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&x_bytes[..]);
            bytes[G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE..].copy_from_slice(&serialize_fq(p.y)[..]);

            encoding.encode_flags(&mut bytes);
            writer.write_all(&bytes)?;
        };

        Ok(())
    }

    fn serialized_size(compress: Compress) -> usize {
        if compress == Compress::Yes {
            G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE
        } else {
            G1_SERIALIZED_SIZE * 2
        }
    }
}

impl GLVConfig for Config {
    const ENDO_COEFFS: &'static[Self::BaseField] = &[
        MontFp!("793479390729215512621379701633421447060886740281060493010456487427281649075476305620758731620350")
    ];

    const LAMBDA: Self::ScalarField =
        MontFp!("52435875175126190479447740508185965837461563690374988244538805122978187051009");

    const SCALAR_DECOMP_COEFFS: [(bool, <Self::ScalarField as PrimeField>::BigInt); 4] = [
        (true, BigInt!("228988810152649578064853576960394133504")),
        (true, BigInt!("1")),
        (false, BigInt!("1")),
        (true, BigInt!("228988810152649578064853576960394133503")),
    ];

    fn endomorphism(p: &G1Projective) -> G1Projective {
        let mut res = (*p).clone();
        res.x *= Self::ENDO_COEFFS[0];
        res
    }

    fn endomorphism_affine(p: &Affine<Self>) -> Affine<Self> {
        let mut res = (*p).clone();
        res.x *= Self::ENDO_COEFFS[0];
        res
    }
}

fn one_minus_x() -> Fr {
    const X: Fr = Fr::from_sign_and_limbs(!crate::Config::X_IS_NEGATIVE, crate::Config::X);
    Fr::one() - X
}

// Parameters from the [IETF draft v16, section E.2](https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-irtf-cfrg-hash-to-curve-16.html#name-11-isogeny-map-for-bls12-381).
impl WBConfig for Config {
    type IsogenousCurve = g1_swu_iso::SwuIsoConfig;

    const ISOGENY_MAP: IsogenyMap<'static, Self::IsogenousCurve, Self> =
        g1_swu_iso::ISOGENY_MAP_TO_G1;
}

/// G1_GENERATOR_X =
/// 3685416753713387016781088315183077757961620795782546409894578378688607592378376318836054947676345821548104185464507
pub const G1_GENERATOR_X: Fq = MontFp!("3685416753713387016781088315183077757961620795782546409894578378688607592378376318836054947676345821548104185464507");

/// G1_GENERATOR_Y =
/// 1339506544944476473020471379941921221584933875938349620426543736416511423956333506472724655353366534992391756441569
pub const G1_GENERATOR_Y: Fq = MontFp!("1339506544944476473020471379941921221584933875938349620426543736416511423956333506472724655353366534992391756441569");

/// BETA is a non-trivial cubic root of unity in Fq.
pub const BETA: Fq = MontFp!("793479390729215512621379701633421447060886740281060493010456487427281649075476305620758731620350");

pub fn endomorphism(p: &Affine<Config>) -> Affine<Config> {
    // Endomorphism of the points on the curve.
    // endomorphism_p(x,y) = (BETA * x, y)
    // where BETA is a non-trivial cubic root of unity in Fq.
    let mut res = (*p).clone();
    res.x *= BETA;
    res
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {

    use super::*;
    use crate::g1;
    use ark_serialize::CanonicalDeserialize;
    use ark_std::{rand::Rng, UniformRand};

    fn sample_unchecked() -> Affine<g1::Config> {
        let mut rng = ark_std::test_rng();
        loop {
            let x = Fq::rand(&mut rng);
            let greatest = rng.gen();

            if let Some(p) = Affine::get_point_from_x_unchecked(x, greatest) {
                return p;
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cofactor_clearing() {
        const SAMPLES: usize = 100;
        for _ in 0..SAMPLES {
            let p: Affine<g1::Config> = sample_unchecked();
            let p = p.clear_cofactor();
            assert!(p.is_on_curve());
            assert!(p.is_in_correct_subgroup_assuming_on_curve());
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn non_canonical_identity_point() {
        let non_canonical_hex = "c01000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
        let non_canonical_bytes = hex::decode(non_canonical_hex).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(non_canonical_bytes.len(), 48);

        let maybe_affine_point: Result<G1Affine, ark_serialize::SerializationError> =
            CanonicalDeserialize::deserialize_compressed(&non_canonical_bytes[..]);

        assert!(maybe_affine_point.is_err());

        let non_canonical_hex_uncompressed = "c00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001";
        let non_canonical_bytes = hex::decode(non_canonical_hex_uncompressed).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(non_canonical_bytes.len(), 96);

        let maybe_affine_point: Result<G1Affine, ark_serialize::SerializationError> =
            CanonicalDeserialize::deserialize_uncompressed(&non_canonical_bytes[..]);

        assert!(maybe_affine_point.is_err())
    }

    #[test]
    fn bad_flag_combination() {
        // See https://github.com/zkcrypto/pairing/tree/fa8103764a07bd273927447d434de18aace252d3/src/bls12_381#serialization
        // - Bit 1 is compressed/uncompressed
        // - Bit 2 is infinity
        // - Bit 3 is lexicographical order for compressed point deserialization
        // Hence `0b1110` ("e" in hex) or `0b0110` ("6" in hex") are both nonsensical.

        // uncompressed, but lexicographically largest flag is set
        let non_canonical_hex = "600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
        let non_canonical_bytes = hex::decode(non_canonical_hex).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(non_canonical_bytes.len(), 48);

        let maybe_affine_point: Result<G1Affine, ark_serialize::SerializationError> =
            CanonicalDeserialize::deserialize_compressed(&non_canonical_bytes[..]);

        assert!(maybe_affine_point.is_err());

        // compressed, but infinity flag is set and lexicographically largest flag is
        // set
        let non_canonical_hex_2 = "e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";

        let non_canonical_bytes = hex::decode(non_canonical_hex_2).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(non_canonical_bytes.len(), 48);

        let maybe_affine_point: Result<G1Affine, ark_serialize::SerializationError> =
            CanonicalDeserialize::deserialize_compressed(&non_canonical_bytes[..]);
        assert!(maybe_affine_point.is_err());
    }
}
ark_bls12_381/curves/g1.rs

ark_bls12_381/curves/
g1.rs
