1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
use azul_css::{LayoutSize, LayoutRect, LayoutPoint};
pub use azul_core::{
    app_resources::{
        Words, Word, WordType, GlyphInfo, GlyphPosition,
        ScaledWords, ScaledWord, WordIndex, GlyphIndex, LineLength, IndexOfLineBreak,
        RemainingSpaceToRight, LineBreaks, WordPositions, LayoutedGlyphs,
        ClusterIterator, ClusterInfo, FontMetrics,
    },
    display_list::GlyphInstance,
    ui_solver::{
        ResolvedTextLayoutOptions, TextLayoutOptions, InlineTextLayout,
        DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT, DEFAULT_WORD_SPACING, DEFAULT_LETTER_SPACING, DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH,
    },
};

/// Whether the text overflows the parent rectangle, and if yes, by how many pixels,
/// necessary for determining if / how to show a scrollbar + aligning / centering text.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub enum TextOverflow {
    /// Text is overflowing, by how much (in pixels)?
    IsOverflowing(f32),
    /// Text is in bounds, how much space is available until the edge of the rectangle (in pixels)?
    InBounds(f32),
}

/// Splits the text by whitespace into logical units (word, tab, return, whitespace).
pub fn split_text_into_words(text: &str) -> Words {

    use unicode_normalization::UnicodeNormalization;

    // Necessary because we need to handle both \n and \r\n characters
    // If we just look at the characters one-by-one, this wouldn't be possible.
    let normalized_string = text.nfc().collect::<String>();
    let normalized_chars = normalized_string.chars().collect::<Vec<char>>();

    let mut words = Vec::new();

    // Instead of storing the actual word, the word is only stored as an index instead,
    // which reduces allocations and is important for later on introducing RTL text
    // (where the position of the character data does not correspond to the actual glyph order).
    let mut current_word_start = 0;
    let mut last_char_idx = 0;
    let mut last_char_was_whitespace = false;

    for (ch_idx, ch) in normalized_chars.iter().enumerate() {

        let ch = *ch;
        let current_char_is_whitespace = ch == ' ' || ch == '\t' || ch == '\r' || ch == '\n';

        let should_push_delimiter = match ch {
            ' ' => {
                Some(Word {
                    start: last_char_idx + 1,
                    end: ch_idx + 1,
                    word_type: WordType::Space
                })
            },
            '\t' => {
                Some(Word {
                    start: last_char_idx + 1,
                    end: ch_idx + 1,
                    word_type: WordType::Tab
                })
            },
            '\n' => {
                Some(if normalized_chars[last_char_idx] == '\r' {
                    // "\r\n" return
                    Word {
                        start: last_char_idx,
                        end: ch_idx + 1,
                        word_type: WordType::Return,
                    }
                } else {
                    // "\n" return
                    Word {
                        start: last_char_idx + 1,
                        end: ch_idx + 1,
                        word_type: WordType::Return,
                    }
                })
            },
            _ => None,
        };

        // Character is a whitespace or the character is the last character in the text (end of text)
        let should_push_word = if current_char_is_whitespace && !last_char_was_whitespace {
            Some(Word {
                start: current_word_start,
                end: ch_idx,
                word_type: WordType::Word
            })
        } else {
            None
        };

        if current_char_is_whitespace {
            current_word_start = ch_idx + 1;
        }

        let mut push_words = |arr: [Option<Word>;2]| {
            words.extend(arr.iter().filter_map(|e| *e));
        };

        push_words([should_push_word, should_push_delimiter]);

        last_char_was_whitespace = current_char_is_whitespace;
        last_char_idx = ch_idx;
    }

    // Push the last word
    if current_word_start != last_char_idx + 1 {
        words.push(Word {
            start: current_word_start,
            end: normalized_chars.len(),
            word_type: WordType::Word
        });
    }

    // If the last item is a `Return`, remove it
    if let Some(Word { word_type: WordType::Return, .. }) = words.last() {
        words.pop();
    }

    Words {
        items: words,
        internal_str: normalized_string,
        internal_chars: normalized_chars,
    }
}

/// Takes a text broken into semantic items and a font instance and
/// scales the font accordingly.
pub fn words_to_scaled_words(
    words: &Words,
    font_bytes: &[u8],
    font_index: u32,
    font_metrics: FontMetrics,
    font_size_px: f32,
) -> ScaledWords {

    use std::mem;
    use std::char;
    use crate::text_shaping::{self, HB_SCALE_FACTOR, HbBuffer, HbFont, HbScaledFont};

    let hb_font = HbFont::from_bytes(font_bytes, font_index);
    let hb_scaled_font = HbScaledFont::from_font(&hb_font, font_size_px);

    // Get the dimensions of the space glyph
    let hb_space_buffer = HbBuffer::from_str(" ");
    let hb_shaped_space = text_shaping::shape_word_hb(&hb_space_buffer, &hb_scaled_font);
    let space_advance_px = hb_shaped_space.glyph_positions[0].x_advance as f32 / HB_SCALE_FACTOR;
    let space_codepoint = hb_shaped_space.glyph_infos[0].codepoint;

    let internal_str = words.internal_str.replace(char::is_whitespace, " ");

    let hb_buffer_entire_paragraph = HbBuffer::from_str(&internal_str);
    let hb_shaped_entire_paragraph = text_shaping::shape_word_hb(&hb_buffer_entire_paragraph, &hb_scaled_font);

    let mut shaped_word_positions = Vec::<Vec<GlyphPosition>>::new();
    let mut shaped_word_infos = Vec::<Vec<GlyphInfo>>::new();
    let mut current_word_positions = Vec::new();
    let mut current_word_infos = Vec::new();

    for i in 0..hb_shaped_entire_paragraph.glyph_positions.len() {
        let glyph_info = hb_shaped_entire_paragraph.glyph_infos[i];
        let glyph_position = hb_shaped_entire_paragraph.glyph_positions[i];

        let is_space = glyph_info.codepoint == space_codepoint;
        if is_space {
            shaped_word_positions.push(current_word_positions.clone());
            shaped_word_infos.push(current_word_infos.clone());
            current_word_positions.clear();
            current_word_infos.clear();
        } else {
            // azul-core::GlyphInfo and hb_position_t have the same size / layout
            // (both are repr(C)), so it's safe to just transmute them here
            current_word_positions.push(unsafe { mem::transmute(glyph_position) });
            current_word_infos.push(unsafe { mem::transmute(glyph_info) });
        }
    }

    if !current_word_positions.is_empty() {
        shaped_word_positions.push(current_word_positions);
        shaped_word_infos.push(current_word_infos);
    }

    let mut longest_word_width = 0.0_f32;

    let scaled_words = words.items.iter()
        .filter(|w| w.word_type == WordType::Word)
        .enumerate()
        .filter_map(|(word_idx, _)| {

            let hb_glyph_positions = shaped_word_positions.get(word_idx)?.clone();
            let hb_glyph_infos = shaped_word_infos.get(word_idx)?.clone();
            let hb_word_width = text_shaping::get_word_visual_width_hb(&hb_glyph_positions);

            longest_word_width = longest_word_width.max(hb_word_width.abs());

            Some(ScaledWord {
                glyph_infos: hb_glyph_infos,
                glyph_positions: hb_glyph_positions,
                word_width: hb_word_width,
            })
        }).collect();

    ScaledWords {
        font_size_px,
        font_metrics,
        baseline_px: font_size_px, // TODO!
        items: scaled_words,
        longest_word_width: longest_word_width,
        space_advance_px,
        space_codepoint,
    }
}

/// Positions the words on the screen (does not layout any glyph positions!), necessary for estimating
/// the intrinsic width + height of the text content.
pub fn position_words(
    words: &Words,
    scaled_words: &ScaledWords,
    text_layout_options: &ResolvedTextLayoutOptions,
) -> WordPositions {

    use self::WordType::*;
    use std::f32;

    let font_size_px = text_layout_options.font_size_px;
    let space_advance = scaled_words.space_advance_px;
    let word_spacing_px = space_advance * text_layout_options.word_spacing.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_WORD_SPACING);
    let line_height_px = space_advance * text_layout_options.line_height.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT);
    let tab_width_px = space_advance * text_layout_options.tab_width.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH);

    let mut line_breaks = Vec::new();
    let mut word_positions = Vec::new();

    let mut line_number = 0;
    let mut line_caret_x = 0.0;
    let mut current_word_idx = 0;

    macro_rules! advance_caret {($line_caret_x:expr) => ({
        let caret_intersection = caret_intersects_with_holes(
            $line_caret_x,
            line_number,
            font_size_px,
            line_height_px,
            &text_layout_options.holes[..],
            text_layout_options.max_horizontal_width,
        );

        if let LineCaretIntersection::PushCaretOntoNextLine(_, _) = caret_intersection {
             line_breaks.push((current_word_idx, line_caret_x));
        }

        // Correct and advance the line caret position
        advance_caret(
            &mut $line_caret_x,
            &mut line_number,
            caret_intersection,
        );
    })}

    advance_caret!(line_caret_x);

    if let Some(leading) = text_layout_options.leading {
        line_caret_x += leading;
        advance_caret!(line_caret_x);
    }

    // NOTE: word_idx increases only on words, not on other symbols!
    let mut word_idx = 0;

    macro_rules! handle_word {() => ({

        let scaled_word = match scaled_words.items.get(word_idx) {
            Some(s) => s,
            None => continue,
        };

        let reserved_letter_spacing_px = match text_layout_options.letter_spacing {
            None => 0.0,
            Some(spacing_multiplier) => spacing_multiplier * scaled_word.number_of_clusters().saturating_sub(1) as f32,
        };

        // Calculate where the caret would be for the next word
        let word_advance_x = scaled_word.word_width + reserved_letter_spacing_px;

        let mut new_caret_x = line_caret_x + word_advance_x;

        // NOTE: Slightly modified "advance_caret!(new_caret_x);" - due to line breaking behaviour

        let caret_intersection = caret_intersects_with_holes(
            new_caret_x,
            line_number,
            font_size_px,
            line_height_px,
            &text_layout_options.holes,
            text_layout_options.max_horizontal_width,
        );

        let mut is_line_break = false;
        if let LineCaretIntersection::PushCaretOntoNextLine(_, _) = caret_intersection {
            line_breaks.push((current_word_idx, line_caret_x));
            is_line_break = true;
        }

        if !is_line_break {
            let line_caret_y = get_line_y_position(line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px);
            word_positions.push(LayoutPoint::new(line_caret_x, line_caret_y));
        }

        // Correct and advance the line caret position
        advance_caret(
            &mut new_caret_x,
            &mut line_number,
            caret_intersection,
        );

        line_caret_x = new_caret_x;

        // If there was a line break, the position needs to be determined after the line break happened
        if is_line_break {
            let line_caret_y = get_line_y_position(line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px);
            word_positions.push(LayoutPoint::new(line_caret_x, line_caret_y));
            // important! - if the word is pushed onto the next line, the caret has to be
            // advanced by that words width!
            line_caret_x += word_advance_x;
        }

        // NOTE: Word index is increased before pushing, since word indices are 1-indexed
        // (so that paragraphs can be selected via "(0..word_index)").
        word_idx += 1;
        current_word_idx = word_idx;
    })}

    // The last word is a bit special: Any text must have at least one line break!
    for word in words.items.iter().take(words.items.len().saturating_sub(1)) {
        match word.word_type {
            Word => {
                handle_word!();
            },
            Return => {
                line_breaks.push((current_word_idx, line_caret_x));
                line_number += 1;
                let mut new_caret_x = 0.0;
                advance_caret!(new_caret_x);
                line_caret_x = new_caret_x;
            },
            Space => {
                let mut new_caret_x = line_caret_x + word_spacing_px;
                advance_caret!(new_caret_x);
                line_caret_x = new_caret_x;
            },
            Tab => {
                let mut new_caret_x = line_caret_x + word_spacing_px + tab_width_px;
                advance_caret!(new_caret_x);
                line_caret_x = new_caret_x;
            },
        }
    }

    // Handle the last word, but ignore any last Return, Space or Tab characters
    for word in &words.items[words.items.len().saturating_sub(1)..] {
        if word.word_type == Word {
            handle_word!();
        }
        line_breaks.push((current_word_idx, line_caret_x));
    }

    let trailing = line_caret_x;
    let number_of_lines = line_number + 1;
    let number_of_words = current_word_idx + 1;

    let longest_line_width = line_breaks.iter().map(|(_word_idx, line_length)| *line_length).fold(0.0_f32, f32::max);
    let content_size_y = get_line_y_position(line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px);
    let content_size_x = text_layout_options.max_horizontal_width.unwrap_or(longest_line_width);
    let content_size = LayoutSize::new(content_size_x, content_size_y);

    WordPositions {
        text_layout_options: text_layout_options.clone(),
        trailing,
        number_of_words,
        number_of_lines,
        content_size,
        word_positions,
        line_breaks,
    }
}

/// Returns the (left-aligned!) bounding boxes of the indidividual text lines
pub fn word_positions_to_inline_text_layout(
    word_positions: &WordPositions,
    scaled_words: &ScaledWords
) -> InlineTextLayout {

    use azul_core::ui_solver::InlineTextLine;

    let font_size_px = word_positions.text_layout_options.font_size_px;
    let regular_line_height = scaled_words.font_metrics.get_height(font_size_px);
    let space_advance = scaled_words.space_advance_px;
    let line_height_px = space_advance * word_positions.text_layout_options.line_height.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT);

    let mut last_word_index = 0;

    InlineTextLayout {
        lines: word_positions.line_breaks
            .iter()
            .enumerate()
            .map(|(line_number, (word_idx, line_length))| {
                let start_word_idx = last_word_index;
                let line = InlineTextLine {
                    bounds: LayoutRect {
                        origin: LayoutPoint { x: 0.0, y: get_line_y_position(line_number, regular_line_height, line_height_px) },
                        size: LayoutSize { width: *line_length, height: regular_line_height },
                    },
                    word_start: start_word_idx,
                    word_end: *word_idx,
                };
                last_word_index = *word_idx;
                line
        }).collect(),
    }
}

pub fn get_layouted_glyphs(
    word_positions: &WordPositions,
    scaled_words: &ScaledWords,
    inline_text_layout: &InlineTextLayout,
) -> LayoutedGlyphs {

    use crate::text_shaping;

    let letter_spacing_px = word_positions.text_layout_options.letter_spacing.unwrap_or(0.0);
    let mut all_glyphs = Vec::with_capacity(scaled_words.items.len());
    let baseline_px = scaled_words.font_metrics.get_ascender(scaled_words.font_size_px);

    for line in inline_text_layout.lines.iter() {

        let line_x = line.bounds.origin.x;
        let line_y = line.bounds.origin.y - (line.bounds.size.height - baseline_px); // bottom left corner of the glyph (baseline)

        let scaled_words_in_this_line = &scaled_words.items[line.word_start..line.word_end];
        let word_positions_in_this_line = &word_positions.word_positions[line.word_start..line.word_end];

        for (scaled_word, word_position) in scaled_words_in_this_line.iter().zip(word_positions_in_this_line.iter()) {
            let mut glyphs = text_shaping::get_glyph_instances_hb(&scaled_word.glyph_infos, &scaled_word.glyph_positions);
            for (glyph, cluster_info) in glyphs.iter_mut().zip(scaled_word.cluster_iter()) {
                glyph.point.x += line_x + word_position.x + (letter_spacing_px * cluster_info.cluster_idx as f32);
                glyph.point.y += line_y;
            }

            all_glyphs.append(&mut glyphs);
        }
    }

    LayoutedGlyphs { glyphs: all_glyphs }
}

pub fn word_item_is_return(item: &Word) -> bool {
    item.word_type == WordType::Return
}

/// For a given line number (**NOTE: 0-indexed!**), calculates the Y
/// position of the bottom left corner
pub fn get_line_y_position(line_number: usize, font_size_px: f32, line_height_px: f32) -> f32 {
    ((font_size_px + line_height_px) * line_number as f32) + font_size_px
}

#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
pub enum LineCaretIntersection {
    /// OK: Caret does not interset any elements
    NoIntersection,
    /// In order to not intersect with any holes, the caret needs to
    /// be advanced to the position x, but can stay on the same line.
    AdvanceCaretTo(f32),
    /// Caret needs to advance X number of lines and be positioned
    /// with a leading of x
    PushCaretOntoNextLine(usize, f32),
}

/// Check if the caret intersects with any holes and if yes, if the cursor should move to a new line.
///
/// # Inputs
///
/// - `line_caret_x`: The current horizontal caret position
/// - `line_number`: The current line number
/// - `holes`: Whether the text should respect any rectangular regions
///    where the text can't flow (preparation for inline / float layout).
/// - `max_width`: Does the text have a restriction on how wide it can be (in pixels)
pub fn caret_intersects_with_holes(
    line_caret_x: f32,
    line_number: usize,
    font_size_px: f32,
    line_height_px: f32,
    holes: &[LayoutRect],
    max_width: Option<f32>,
) -> LineCaretIntersection {

    let mut new_line_caret_x = None;
    let mut line_advance = 0;

    // If the caret is outside of the max_width, move it to the start of a new line
    if let Some(max_width) = max_width {
        if line_caret_x > max_width {
            new_line_caret_x = Some(0.0);
            line_advance += 1;
        }
    }

    for hole in holes {

        let mut should_move_caret = false;
        let mut current_line_advance = 0;
        let mut new_line_number = line_number + current_line_advance;
        let mut current_caret = LayoutPoint::new(
            new_line_caret_x.unwrap_or(line_caret_x),
            get_line_y_position(new_line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px)
        );

        // NOTE: holes need to be sorted by Y origin (from smallest to largest Y),
        // and be sorted from left to right
        while hole.contains(&current_caret) {
            should_move_caret = true;
            if let Some(max_width) = max_width {
                if hole.origin.x + hole.size.width >= max_width {
                    // Need to break the line here
                    current_line_advance += 1;
                    new_line_number = line_number + current_line_advance;
                    current_caret = LayoutPoint::new(
                        new_line_caret_x.unwrap_or(line_caret_x),
                        get_line_y_position(new_line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px)
                    );
                } else {
                    new_line_number = line_number + current_line_advance;
                    current_caret = LayoutPoint::new(
                        hole.origin.x + hole.size.width,
                        get_line_y_position(new_line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px)
                    );
                }
            } else {
                // No max width, so no need to break the line, move the caret to the right side of the hole
                new_line_number = line_number + current_line_advance;
                current_caret = LayoutPoint::new(
                    hole.origin.x + hole.size.width,
                    get_line_y_position(new_line_number, font_size_px, line_height_px)
                );
            }
        }

        if should_move_caret {
            new_line_caret_x = Some(current_caret.x);
            line_advance += current_line_advance;
        }
    }

    if let Some(new_line_caret_x) = new_line_caret_x {
        if line_advance == 0 {
            LineCaretIntersection::AdvanceCaretTo(new_line_caret_x)
        } else {
            LineCaretIntersection::PushCaretOntoNextLine(line_advance, new_line_caret_x)
        }
    } else {
        LineCaretIntersection::NoIntersection
    }
}

pub fn advance_caret(caret: &mut f32, line_number: &mut usize, intersection: LineCaretIntersection) {
    use self::LineCaretIntersection::*;
    match intersection {
        NoIntersection => { },
        AdvanceCaretTo(x) => { *caret = x; },
        PushCaretOntoNextLine(num_lines, x) => { *line_number += num_lines; *caret = x; },
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_split_words() {

    fn print_words(w: &Words) {
        println!("-- string: {:?}", w.get_str());
        for item in &w.items {
            println!("{:?} - ({}..{}) = {:?}", w.get_substr(item), item.start, item.end, item.word_type);
        }
    }

    fn string_to_vec(s: String) -> Vec<char> {
        s.chars().collect()
    }

    fn assert_words(expected: &Words, got_words: &Words) {
        for (idx, expected_word) in expected.items.iter().enumerate() {
            let got = got_words.items.get(idx);
            if got != Some(expected_word) {
                println!("expected: ");
                print_words(expected);
                println!("got: ");
                print_words(got_words);
                panic!("Expected word idx {} - expected: {:#?}, got: {:#?}", idx, Some(expected_word), got);
            }
        }
    }

    let ascii_str = String::from("abc\tdef  \nghi\r\njkl");
    let words_ascii = split_text_into_words(&ascii_str);
    let words_ascii_expected = Words {
        internal_str: ascii_str.clone(),
        internal_chars: string_to_vec(ascii_str),
        items: vec![
            Word { start: 0,    end: 3,     word_type: WordType::Word     }, // "abc" - (0..3) = Word
            Word { start: 3,    end: 4,     word_type: WordType::Tab      }, // "\t" - (3..4) = Tab
            Word { start: 4,    end: 7,     word_type: WordType::Word     }, // "def" - (4..7) = Word
            Word { start: 7,    end: 8,     word_type: WordType::Space    }, // " " - (7..8) = Space
            Word { start: 8,    end: 9,     word_type: WordType::Space    }, // " " - (8..9) = Space
            Word { start: 9,    end: 10,    word_type: WordType::Return   }, // "\n" - (9..10) = Return
            Word { start: 10,   end: 13,    word_type: WordType::Word     }, // "ghi" - (10..13) = Word
            Word { start: 13,   end: 15,    word_type: WordType::Return   }, // "\r\n" - (13..15) = Return
            Word { start: 15,   end: 18,    word_type: WordType::Word     }, // "jkl" - (15..18) = Word
        ],
    };

    assert_words(&words_ascii_expected, &words_ascii);

    let unicode_str = String::from("㌊㌋㌌㌍㌎㌏㌐㌑ ㌒㌓㌔㌕㌖㌗");
    let words_unicode = split_text_into_words(&unicode_str);
    let words_unicode_expected = Words {
        internal_str: unicode_str.clone(),
        internal_chars: string_to_vec(unicode_str),
        items: vec![
            Word { start: 0,        end: 8,         word_type: WordType::Word   }, // "㌊㌋㌌㌍㌎㌏㌐㌑"
            Word { start: 8,        end: 9,         word_type: WordType::Space  }, // " "
            Word { start: 9,        end: 15,        word_type: WordType::Word   }, // "㌒㌓㌔㌕㌖㌗"
        ],
    };

    assert_words(&words_unicode_expected, &words_unicode);

    let single_str = String::from("A");
    let words_single_str = split_text_into_words(&single_str);
    let words_single_str_expected = Words {
        internal_str: single_str.clone(),
        internal_chars: string_to_vec(single_str),
        items: vec![
            Word { start: 0,        end: 1,         word_type: WordType::Word   }, // "A"
        ],
    };

    assert_words(&words_single_str_expected, &words_single_str);
}

#[test]
fn test_get_line_y_position() {

    assert_eq!(get_line_y_position(0, 20.0, 0.0), 20.0);
    assert_eq!(get_line_y_position(1, 20.0, 0.0), 40.0);
    assert_eq!(get_line_y_position(2, 20.0, 0.0), 60.0);

    // lines:
    // 0 - height 20, padding 5 = 20.0 (padding is for the next line)
    // 1 - height 20, padding 5 = 45.0 ( = 20 + 20 + 5)
    // 2 - height 20, padding 5 = 70.0 ( = 20 + 20 + 5 + 20 + 5)
    assert_eq!(get_line_y_position(0, 20.0, 5.0), 20.0);
    assert_eq!(get_line_y_position(1, 20.0, 5.0), 45.0);
    assert_eq!(get_line_y_position(2, 20.0, 5.0), 70.0);
}

// Scenario 1:
//
// +---------+
// |+ ------>|+
// |         |
// +---------+
// rectangle: 100x200
// max-width: none, line-height 1.0, font-size: 20
// cursor is at: 0x, 20y
// expect cursor to advance to 100x, 20y
//
#[test]
fn test_caret_intersects_with_holes_1() {
    let line_caret_x = 0.0;
    let line_number = 0;
    let font_size_px = 20.0;
    let line_height_px = 0.0;
    let max_width = None;
    let holes = vec![LayoutRect::new(LayoutPoint::new(0.0, 0.0), LayoutSize::new(200.0, 100.0))];

    let result = caret_intersects_with_holes(
        line_caret_x,
        line_number,
        font_size_px,
        line_height_px,
        &holes,
        max_width,
    );

    assert_eq!(result, LineCaretIntersection::AdvanceCaretTo(200.0));
}

// Scenario 2:
//
// +---------+
// |+ -----> |
// |-------> |
// |---------|
// |+        |
// |         |
// +---------+
// rectangle: 100x200
// max-width: 200px, line-height 1.0, font-size: 20
// cursor is at: 0x, 20y
// expect cursor to advance to 0x, 100y (+= 4 lines)
//
#[test]
fn test_caret_intersects_with_holes_2() {
    let line_caret_x = 0.0;
    let line_number = 0;
    let font_size_px = 20.0;
    let line_height_px = 0.0;
    let max_width = Some(200.0);
    let holes = vec![LayoutRect::new(LayoutPoint::new(0.0, 0.0), LayoutSize::new(200.0, 100.0))];

    let result = caret_intersects_with_holes(
        line_caret_x,
        line_number,
        font_size_px,
        line_height_px,
        &holes,
        max_width,
    );

    assert_eq!(result, LineCaretIntersection::PushCaretOntoNextLine(4, 0.0));
}

// Scenario 3:
//
// +----------------+
// |      |         |  +----->
// |------->+       |
// |------+         |
// |                |
// |                |
// +----------------+
// rectangle: 100x200
// max-width: 400px, line-height 1.0, font-size: 20
// cursor is at: 450x, 20y
// expect cursor to advance to 200x, 40y (+= 1 lines, leading of 200px)
//
#[test]
fn test_caret_intersects_with_holes_3() {
    let line_caret_x = 450.0;
    let line_number = 0;
    let font_size_px = 20.0;
    let line_height_px = 0.0;
    let max_width = Some(400.0);
    let holes = vec![LayoutRect::new(LayoutPoint::new(0.0, 0.0), LayoutSize::new(200.0, 100.0))];

    let result = caret_intersects_with_holes(
        line_caret_x,
        line_number,
        font_size_px,
        line_height_px,
        &holes,
        max_width,
    );

    assert_eq!(result, LineCaretIntersection::PushCaretOntoNextLine(1, 200.0));
}

// Scenario 4:
//
// +----------------+
// | +   +------+   |
// |     |      |   |
// |     |      |   |
// |     +------+   |
// |                |
// +----------------+
// rectangle: 100x200 @ 80.0x, 20.0y
// max-width: 400px, line-height 1.0, font-size: 20
// cursor is at: 40x, 20y
// expect cursor to not advance at all
//
#[test]
fn test_caret_intersects_with_holes_4() {
    let line_caret_x = 40.0;
    let line_number = 0;
    let font_size_px = 20.0;
    let line_height_px = 0.0;
    let max_width = Some(400.0);
    let holes = vec![LayoutRect::new(LayoutPoint::new(80.0, 20.0), LayoutSize::new(200.0, 100.0))];

    let result = caret_intersects_with_holes(
        line_caret_x,
        line_number,
        font_size_px,
        line_height_px,
        &holes,
        max_width,
    );

    assert_eq!(result, LineCaretIntersection::NoIntersection);
}