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//! An asynchronously awaitable state broadcasting channel use super::{ChannelSendError, CloseStatus}; use crate::{ intrusive_double_linked_list::{LinkedList, ListNode}, utils::update_waker_ref, NoopLock, }; use core::marker::PhantomData; use core::pin::Pin; use futures_core::{ future::{FusedFuture, Future}, task::{Context, Poll, Waker}, }; use lock_api::{Mutex, RawMutex}; /// An ID, which allows to differentiate states received from a Channel. /// Elements with a bigger state ID (`id > otherId`) have been published more /// recently into the Channel. #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Ord, PartialOrd)] pub struct StateId(u64); impl StateId { /// Returns the initial StateId, which is guaranteed to return the /// oldest buffered value available. pub fn new() -> Self { StateId(0) } } /// Tracks how the future had interacted with the channel #[derive(PartialEq, Debug)] pub enum RecvPollState { /// The task is not registered at the wait queue at the channel Unregistered, /// The task was added to the wait queue at the channel. Registered, } /// Tracks the channel futures waiting state. /// Access to this struct is synchronized through the channel. #[derive(Debug)] pub struct RecvWaitQueueEntry { /// The task handle of the waiting task task: Option<Waker>, /// Current polling state state: RecvPollState, /// The minimum state ID we are waiting for state_id: StateId, } impl RecvWaitQueueEntry { /// Creates a new RecvWaitQueueEntry pub fn new(state_id: StateId) -> RecvWaitQueueEntry { RecvWaitQueueEntry { task: None, state_id, state: RecvPollState::Unregistered, } } } /// Adapter trait that allows Futures to generically interact with Channel /// implementations via dynamic dispatch. pub trait ChannelReceiveAccess<T> { unsafe fn receive_or_register( &self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Option<(StateId, T)>>; fn remove_receive_waiter( &self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, ); } /// A Future that is returned by the `receive` function on a state broadcast channel. /// The future gets resolved with `Some((state_id, state))` when a value could be /// received from the channel. /// /// `state` represents the new state which had been retrieved from the channel. /// /// `state_id` is the [`StateId`] which can be passed as a parameter to /// `receive()` in order to fetch the next state from the channel. /// /// If the channels gets closed and no items are still enqueued inside the /// channel, the future will resolve to `None`. #[must_use = "futures do nothing unless polled"] pub struct StateReceiveFuture<'a, MutexType, T> where T: Clone, { /// The channel that is associated with this StateReceiveFuture channel: Option<&'a dyn ChannelReceiveAccess<T>>, /// Node for waiting on the channel wait_node: ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, /// Marker for mutex type _phantom: PhantomData<MutexType>, } // Safety: Channel futures can be sent between threads as long as the underlying // channel is thread-safe (Sync), which allows to poll/register/unregister from // a different thread. unsafe impl<'a, MutexType: Sync, T: Clone + Send> Send for StateReceiveFuture<'a, MutexType, T> { } impl<'a, MutexType, T: Clone> core::fmt::Debug for StateReceiveFuture<'a, MutexType, T> { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("StateReceiveFuture").finish() } } impl<'a, MutexType, T: Clone> Future for StateReceiveFuture<'a, MutexType, T> { type Output = Option<(StateId, T)>; fn poll( self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Option<(StateId, T)>> { // It might be possible to use Pin::map_unchecked here instead of the two unsafe APIs. // However this didn't seem to work for some borrow checker reasons // Safety: The next operations are safe, because Pin promises us that // the address of the wait queue entry inside StateReceiveFuture is stable, // and we don't move any fields inside the future until it gets dropped. let mut_self: &mut StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> = unsafe { Pin::get_unchecked_mut(self) }; let channel = mut_self .channel .expect("polled StateReceiveFuture after completion"); let poll_res = unsafe { channel.receive_or_register(&mut mut_self.wait_node, cx) }; if poll_res.is_ready() { // A value was available mut_self.channel = None; } poll_res } } impl<'a, MutexType, T: Clone> FusedFuture for StateReceiveFuture<'a, MutexType, T> { fn is_terminated(&self) -> bool { self.channel.is_none() } } impl<'a, MutexType, T: Clone> Drop for StateReceiveFuture<'a, MutexType, T> { fn drop(&mut self) { // If this StateReceiveFuture has been polled and it was added to the // wait queue at the channel, it must be removed before dropping. // Otherwise the channel would access invalid memory. if let Some(channel) = self.channel { channel.remove_receive_waiter(&mut self.wait_node); } } } fn wake_waiters(waiters: &mut LinkedList<RecvWaitQueueEntry>) { // Remove all waiters from the waiting list in reverse order and wake them. // We reverse the waiter list, so that the oldest waker (which is // at the end of the list), gets woken first and has the best // chance to grab the channel value. waiters.reverse_drain(|waiter| { if let Some(handle) = waiter.task.take() { handle.wake(); } waiter.state = RecvPollState::Unregistered; }); } /// Internal state of the state broadcast channel struct ChannelState<T> { /// Whether the channel was actively closed is_closed: bool, /// The ID of the next state. state_id: StateId, /// The value which is stored inside the channel value: Option<T>, /// The list of waiters, which are waiting for the channel to get fulfilled waiters: LinkedList<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, } impl<T> ChannelState<T> where T: Clone, { fn new() -> ChannelState<T> { ChannelState::<T> { is_closed: false, state_id: StateId(0), value: None, waiters: LinkedList::new(), } } /// Writes a single value to the channel. /// If the maximum amount of values had been written, the new value will be rejected. fn send(&mut self, value: T) -> Result<(), ChannelSendError<T>> { if self.is_closed || self.state_id.0 == core::u64::MAX { return Err(ChannelSendError(value)); } self.value = Some(value); self.state_id.0 += 1; // Wakeup all waiters wake_waiters(&mut self.waiters); Ok(()) } fn close(&mut self) -> CloseStatus { if self.is_closed { return CloseStatus::AlreadyClosed; } self.is_closed = true; // Wakeup all waiters wake_waiters(&mut self.waiters); CloseStatus::NewlyClosed } fn try_receive(&mut self, state_id: StateId) -> Option<(StateId, T)> { let val = self.value.as_ref()?; if state_id < self.state_id { Some((self.state_id, val.clone())) } else { None } } /// Tries to read the value from the channel. /// If the value isn't available yet, the StateReceiveFuture gets added to the /// wait queue at the channel, and will be signalled once ready. /// This function is only safe as long as the `wait_node`s address is guaranteed /// to be stable until it gets removed from the queue. unsafe fn receive_or_register( &mut self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Option<(StateId, T)>> { match wait_node.state { RecvPollState::Unregistered => { // The caller must wait for a value if either there is no value // available yet, or if the value isn't newer than what the // caller requested. let val_to_deliver = match &self.value { Some(ref v) if wait_node.state_id < self.state_id => { Some(v.clone()) } Some(_) | None => None, }; match val_to_deliver { Some(v) => { // A value that satisfies the caller is available. Poll::Ready(Some((self.state_id, v))) } None => { // Check if something was written into the channel before // or the channel was closed. if self.is_closed { Poll::Ready(None) } else { // Added the task to the wait queue wait_node.task = Some(cx.waker().clone()); wait_node.state = RecvPollState::Registered; self.waiters.add_front(wait_node); Poll::Pending } } } } RecvPollState::Registered => { // Since the channel wakes up all waiters and moves their states // to unregistered there can't be any value in the channel in this state. // However the caller might have passed a different `Waker`. // In this case we need to update it. update_waker_ref(&mut wait_node.task, cx); Poll::Pending } } } fn remove_waiter(&mut self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>) { // StateReceiveFuture only needs to get removed if it had been added to // the wait queue of the channel. This has happened in the RecvPollState::Waiting case. if let RecvPollState::Registered = wait_node.state { // Safety: Due to the state, we know that the node must be part // of the waiter list if !unsafe { self.waiters.remove(wait_node) } { // Panic if the address isn't found. This can only happen if the contract was // violated, e.g. the RecvWaitQueueEntry got moved after the initial poll. panic!("Future could not be removed from wait queue"); } wait_node.state = RecvPollState::Unregistered; } } } /// A channel which can be used to synchronize the state between a sender an /// arbitrary number of receivers. /// /// The sender can publish its state. /// /// The receivers can wait for state updates by announcing the most recent state /// that is already known to them. pub struct GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType: RawMutex, T> { inner: Mutex<MutexType, ChannelState<T>>, } // The channel can be sent to other threads as long as it's not borrowed and the // value in it can be sent to other threads. unsafe impl<MutexType: RawMutex + Send, T: Send> Send for GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T> { } // The channel is thread-safe as long as a thread-safe mutex is used unsafe impl<MutexType: RawMutex + Sync, T: Send> Sync for GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T> { } impl<MutexType: RawMutex, T> core::fmt::Debug for GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T> { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("GenericStateBroadcastChannel").finish() } } impl<MutexType: RawMutex, T> GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T> where T: Clone, { /// Creates a new State Broadcast Channel in the given state pub fn new() -> GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T> where T: Clone, { GenericStateBroadcastChannel { inner: Mutex::new(ChannelState::new()), } } /// Writes a single value to the channel. /// /// This will notify waiters about the availability of the value. /// If the maximum amount of values had been written to the channel, /// or if the channel is closed, the new value will be rejected and /// returned inside the error variant. pub fn send(&self, value: T) -> Result<(), ChannelSendError<T>> { self.inner.lock().send(value) } /// Closes the channel. /// /// This will notify waiters about closure, by fulfilling pending `Future`s /// with `None`. /// `send(value)` attempts which follow this call will fail with a /// [`ChannelSendError`]. pub fn close(&self) -> CloseStatus { self.inner.lock().close() } /// Returns a future that gets fulfilled when a value is written to the channel /// or the channel is closed. /// `state_id` specifies the minimum state ID that should be retrieved /// by the `receive` operation. /// /// The returned [`StateReceiveFuture`] will get fulfilled with the /// retrieved value as well as the [`StateId`] which is required to retrieve /// the following state. pub fn receive( &self, state_id: StateId, ) -> StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { StateReceiveFuture { channel: Some(self), wait_node: ListNode::new(RecvWaitQueueEntry::new(state_id)), _phantom: PhantomData, } } /// Attempt to retrieve a value whose `StateId` is greater than the one provided. /// /// Returns `None` if no value is found in the channel, or if the current `StateId` /// of the value is less or equal to the one provided. pub fn try_receive(&self, state_id: StateId) -> Option<(StateId, T)> { self.inner.lock().try_receive(state_id) } } impl<MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone> ChannelReceiveAccess<T> for GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T> { unsafe fn receive_or_register( &self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Option<(StateId, T)>> { self.inner.lock().receive_or_register(wait_node, cx) } fn remove_receive_waiter( &self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, ) { self.inner.lock().remove_waiter(wait_node) } } // Export a non thread-safe version using NoopLock /// A [`GenericStateBroadcastChannel`] which is not thread-safe. pub type LocalStateBroadcastChannel<T> = GenericStateBroadcastChannel<NoopLock, T>; #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] mod if_alloc { use super::*; // Export a thread-safe version using parking_lot::RawMutex /// A [`GenericStateBroadcastChannel`] implementation backed by [`parking_lot`]. pub type StateBroadcastChannel<T> = GenericStateBroadcastChannel<parking_lot::RawMutex, T>; pub mod shared { use super::*; use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering}; struct GenericStateBroadcastChannelSharedState<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone + 'static, { /// The amount of [`GenericSender`] instances which reference this state. senders: AtomicUsize, /// The amount of [`GenericReceiver`] instances which reference this state. receivers: AtomicUsize, /// The channel on which is acted. channel: GenericStateBroadcastChannel<MutexType, T>, } // Implement ChannelReceiveAccess trait for SharedChannelState, so that it can // be used for dynamic dispatch in futures. impl<MutexType, T> ChannelReceiveAccess<T> for GenericStateBroadcastChannelSharedState<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone + 'static, { unsafe fn receive_or_register( &self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Option<(StateId, T)>> { self.channel.receive_or_register(wait_node, cx) } fn remove_receive_waiter( &self, wait_node: &mut ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, ) { self.channel.remove_receive_waiter(wait_node) } } /// A Future that is returned by the `receive` function on a state broadcast channel. /// The future gets resolved with `Some((state_id, state))` when a value could be /// received from the channel. /// /// `state` represents the new state which had been retrieved from the channel. /// /// `state_id` is the [`StateId`] which can be passed as a parameter to /// `receive()` in order to fetch the next state from the channel. /// /// If the channels gets closed and no items are still enqueued inside the /// channel, the future will resolve to `None`. #[must_use = "futures do nothing unless polled"] pub struct StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { /// The Channel that is associated with this StateReceiveFuture channel: Option<alloc::sync::Arc<dyn ChannelReceiveAccess<T>>>, /// Node for waiting on the channel wait_node: ListNode<RecvWaitQueueEntry>, /// Marker for mutex type _phantom: PhantomData<MutexType>, } // Safety: Channel futures can be sent between threads as long as the underlying // channel is thread-safe (Sync), which allows to poll/register/unregister from // a different thread. unsafe impl<MutexType: Sync, T: Clone + Send> Send for StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { } impl<MutexType, T> core::fmt::Debug for StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("StateReceiveFuture").finish() } } impl<MutexType, T> Future for StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { type Output = Option<(StateId, T)>; fn poll( self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Option<(StateId, T)>> { // It might be possible to use Pin::map_unchecked here instead of the two unsafe APIs. // However this didn't seem to work for some borrow checker reasons // Safety: The next operations are safe, because Pin promises us that // the address of the wait queue entry inside StateReceiveFuture is stable, // and we don't move any fields inside the future until it gets dropped. let mut_self: &mut StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> = unsafe { Pin::get_unchecked_mut(self) }; let channel = mut_self .channel .take() .expect("polled StateReceiveFuture after completion"); let poll_res = unsafe { channel.receive_or_register(&mut mut_self.wait_node, cx) }; if poll_res.is_ready() { // A value was available mut_self.channel = None; } else { mut_self.channel = Some(channel) } poll_res } } impl<MutexType, T> FusedFuture for StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { fn is_terminated(&self) -> bool { self.channel.is_none() } } impl<MutexType, T> Drop for StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { fn drop(&mut self) { // If this StateReceiveFuture has been polled and it was added to the // wait queue at the channel, it must be removed before dropping. // Otherwise the channel would access invalid memory. if let Some(channel) = &self.channel { channel.remove_receive_waiter(&mut self.wait_node); } } } /// The sending side of a channel which can be used to exchange values /// between concurrent tasks. /// /// Values can be sent into the channel through `send`. pub struct GenericStateSender<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone + 'static, { inner: alloc::sync::Arc< GenericStateBroadcastChannelSharedState<MutexType, T>, >, } /// The receiving side of a channel which can be used to exchange values /// between concurrent tasks. /// /// Tasks can receive values from the channel through the `receive` method. /// The returned Future will get resolved when a value is sent into the channel. pub struct GenericStateReceiver<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone + 'static, { inner: alloc::sync::Arc< GenericStateBroadcastChannelSharedState<MutexType, T>, >, } impl<MutexType, T> core::fmt::Debug for GenericStateSender<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone, { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("StateSender").finish() } } impl<MutexType, T> core::fmt::Debug for GenericStateReceiver<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone, { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("StateReceiver").finish() } } impl<MutexType, T> Clone for GenericStateSender<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone, { fn clone(&self) -> Self { let old_size = self.inner.senders.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed); if old_size > (core::isize::MAX) as usize { panic!("Reached maximum refcount"); } GenericStateSender { inner: self.inner.clone(), } } } impl<MutexType, T> Drop for GenericStateSender<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone, { fn drop(&mut self) { if self.inner.senders.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::Release) != 1 { return; } core::sync::atomic::fence(Ordering::Acquire); // Close the channel, before last sender gets destroyed // TODO: We could potentially avoid this, if no receiver is left self.inner.channel.close(); } } impl<MutexType, T> Clone for GenericStateReceiver<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone, { fn clone(&self) -> Self { let old_size = self.inner.receivers.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed); if old_size > (core::isize::MAX) as usize { panic!("Reached maximum refcount"); } GenericStateReceiver { inner: self.inner.clone(), } } } impl<MutexType, T> Drop for GenericStateReceiver<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone, { fn drop(&mut self) { if self.inner.receivers.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::Release) != 1 { return; } core::sync::atomic::fence(Ordering::Acquire); // Close the channel, before last receiver gets destroyed // TODO: We could potentially avoid this, if no sender is left self.inner.channel.close(); } } /// Creates a new state broadcast channel which can be used to exchange values /// of type `T` between concurrent tasks. /// The ends of the Channel are represented through /// the returned Sender and Receiver. /// /// As soon es either the senders or receivers is closed, the channel /// itself will be closed. /// /// Example for creating a channel to transmit an integer value: /// /// ``` /// # use futures_intrusive::channel::shared::state_broadcast_channel; /// let (sender, receiver) = state_broadcast_channel::<i32>(); /// ``` pub fn generic_state_broadcast_channel<MutexType, T>() -> ( GenericStateSender<MutexType, T>, GenericStateReceiver<MutexType, T>, ) where MutexType: RawMutex, T: Clone + Send, { let inner = alloc::sync::Arc::new( GenericStateBroadcastChannelSharedState { channel: GenericStateBroadcastChannel::new(), senders: AtomicUsize::new(1), receivers: AtomicUsize::new(1), }, ); let sender = GenericStateSender { inner: inner.clone(), }; let receiver = GenericStateReceiver { inner }; (sender, receiver) } impl<MutexType, T> GenericStateSender<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex + 'static, T: Clone, { /// Writes a single value to the channel. /// /// This will notify waiters about the availability of the value. /// If a value had been written to the channel before, or if the /// channel is closed, the new value will be rejected and /// returned inside the error variant. pub fn send(&self, value: T) -> Result<(), ChannelSendError<T>> { self.inner.channel.send(value) } } impl<MutexType, T> GenericStateReceiver<MutexType, T> where MutexType: RawMutex + 'static, T: Clone, { /// Returns a future that gets fulfilled when a value is written to the channel /// or the channel is closed. /// `state_id` specifies the minimum state ID that should be retrieved /// by the `receive` operation. /// /// The returned [`StateReceiveFuture`] will get fulfilled with the /// retrieved value as well as the [`StateId`] which is required to retrieve /// the following state pub fn receive( &self, state_id: StateId, ) -> StateReceiveFuture<MutexType, T> { StateReceiveFuture { channel: Some(self.inner.clone()), wait_node: ListNode::new(RecvWaitQueueEntry::new(state_id)), _phantom: PhantomData, } } /// Attempt to retrieve a value whose `StateId` is greater than the one provided. /// /// Returns `None` if no value is found in the channel, or if the current `StateId` /// of the value is less or equal to the one provided. pub fn try_receive( &self, state_id: StateId, ) -> Option<(StateId, T)> { self.inner.channel.try_receive(state_id) } } // Export parking_lot based shared channels in alloc mode #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] mod if_alloc { use super::*; /// A [`GenericStateSender`] implementation backed by [`parking_lot`]. pub type StateSender<T> = GenericStateSender<parking_lot::RawMutex, T>; /// A [`GenericStateReceiver`] implementation backed by [`parking_lot`]. pub type StateReceiver<T> = GenericStateReceiver<parking_lot::RawMutex, T>; /// Creates a new state broadcast channel. /// /// Refer to [`generic_state_broadcast_channel`] for details. pub fn state_broadcast_channel<T>( ) -> (StateSender<T>, StateReceiver<T>) where T: Clone + Send, { generic_state_broadcast_channel::<parking_lot::RawMutex, T>() } } #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] pub use self::if_alloc::*; } } #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] pub use self::if_alloc::*;