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// Copyright 2018 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
use crate::handler::{self, Handler, InEvent};
use crate::protocol::{Info, Protocol, UpgradeError};
use libp2p_core::{multiaddr, ConnectedPoint, Endpoint, Multiaddr};
use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
use libp2p_identity::PublicKey;
use libp2p_swarm::behaviour::{ConnectionClosed, ConnectionEstablished, DialFailure, FromSwarm};
use libp2p_swarm::{
AddressScore, ConnectionDenied, ConnectionHandlerUpgrErr, DialError, ExternalAddresses,
ListenAddresses, NetworkBehaviour, NotifyHandler, PollParameters, THandlerInEvent, ToSwarm,
};
use libp2p_swarm::{ConnectionId, THandler, THandlerOutEvent};
use lru::LruCache;
use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
use std::{
collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque},
iter::FromIterator,
task::Context,
task::Poll,
time::Duration,
};
/// Network behaviour that automatically identifies nodes periodically, returns information
/// about them, and answers identify queries from other nodes.
///
/// All external addresses of the local node supposedly observed by remotes
/// are reported via [`ToSwarm::ReportObservedAddr`] with a
/// [score](AddressScore) of `1`.
pub struct Behaviour {
config: Config,
/// For each peer we're connected to, the observed address to send back to it.
connected: HashMap<PeerId, HashMap<ConnectionId, Multiaddr>>,
/// Pending requests to be fulfilled, either `Handler` requests for `Behaviour` info
/// to address identification requests, or push requests to peers
/// with current information about the local peer.
requests: Vec<Request>,
/// Pending events to be emitted when polled.
events: VecDeque<ToSwarm<Event, InEvent>>,
/// The addresses of all peers that we have discovered.
discovered_peers: PeerCache,
listen_addresses: ListenAddresses,
external_addresses: ExternalAddresses,
}
/// A `Behaviour` request to be fulfilled, either `Handler` requests for `Behaviour` info
/// to address identification requests, or push requests to peers
/// with current information about the local peer.
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
struct Request {
peer_id: PeerId,
protocol: Protocol,
}
/// Configuration for the [`identify::Behaviour`](Behaviour).
#[non_exhaustive]
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Config {
/// Application-specific version of the protocol family used by the peer,
/// e.g. `ipfs/1.0.0` or `polkadot/1.0.0`.
pub protocol_version: String,
/// The public key of the local node. To report on the wire.
pub local_public_key: PublicKey,
/// Name and version of the local peer implementation, similar to the
/// `User-Agent` header in the HTTP protocol.
///
/// Defaults to `rust-libp2p/<libp2p-identify-version>`.
pub agent_version: String,
/// The initial delay before the first identification request
/// is sent to a remote on a newly established connection.
///
/// Defaults to 500ms.
pub initial_delay: Duration,
/// The interval at which identification requests are sent to
/// the remote on established connections after the first request,
/// i.e. the delay between identification requests.
///
/// Defaults to 5 minutes.
pub interval: Duration,
/// Whether new or expired listen addresses of the local node should
/// trigger an active push of an identify message to all connected peers.
///
/// Enabling this option can result in connected peers being informed
/// earlier about new or expired listen addresses of the local node,
/// i.e. before the next periodic identify request with each peer.
///
/// Disabled by default.
pub push_listen_addr_updates: bool,
/// How many entries of discovered peers to keep before we discard
/// the least-recently used one.
///
/// Disabled by default.
pub cache_size: usize,
}
impl Config {
/// Creates a new configuration for the identify [`Behaviour`] that
/// advertises the given protocol version and public key.
pub fn new(protocol_version: String, local_public_key: PublicKey) -> Self {
Self {
protocol_version,
agent_version: format!("rust-libp2p/{}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION")),
local_public_key,
initial_delay: Duration::from_millis(500),
interval: Duration::from_secs(5 * 60),
push_listen_addr_updates: false,
cache_size: 100,
}
}
/// Configures the agent version sent to peers.
pub fn with_agent_version(mut self, v: String) -> Self {
self.agent_version = v;
self
}
/// Configures the initial delay before the first identification
/// request is sent on a newly established connection to a peer.
pub fn with_initial_delay(mut self, d: Duration) -> Self {
self.initial_delay = d;
self
}
/// Configures the interval at which identification requests are
/// sent to peers after the initial request.
pub fn with_interval(mut self, d: Duration) -> Self {
self.interval = d;
self
}
/// Configures whether new or expired listen addresses of the local
/// node should trigger an active push of an identify message to all
/// connected peers.
pub fn with_push_listen_addr_updates(mut self, b: bool) -> Self {
self.push_listen_addr_updates = b;
self
}
/// Configures the size of the LRU cache, caching addresses of discovered peers.
///
/// The [`Swarm`](libp2p_swarm::Swarm) may extend the set of addresses of an outgoing connection attempt via
/// [`Behaviour::addresses_of_peer`].
pub fn with_cache_size(mut self, cache_size: usize) -> Self {
self.cache_size = cache_size;
self
}
}
impl Behaviour {
/// Creates a new identify [`Behaviour`].
pub fn new(config: Config) -> Self {
let discovered_peers = match NonZeroUsize::new(config.cache_size) {
None => PeerCache::disabled(),
Some(size) => PeerCache::enabled(size),
};
Self {
config,
connected: HashMap::new(),
requests: Vec::new(),
events: VecDeque::new(),
discovered_peers,
listen_addresses: Default::default(),
external_addresses: Default::default(),
}
}
/// Initiates an active push of the local peer information to the given peers.
pub fn push<I>(&mut self, peers: I)
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = PeerId>,
{
for p in peers {
if !self.connected.contains_key(&p) {
log::debug!("Not pushing to {p} because we are not connected");
continue;
}
let request = Request {
peer_id: p,
protocol: Protocol::Push,
};
if !self.requests.contains(&request) {
self.requests.push(request);
}
}
}
fn on_connection_established(
&mut self,
ConnectionEstablished {
peer_id,
connection_id: conn,
endpoint,
failed_addresses,
..
}: ConnectionEstablished,
) {
let addr = match endpoint {
ConnectedPoint::Dialer { address, .. } => address.clone(),
ConnectedPoint::Listener { send_back_addr, .. } => send_back_addr.clone(),
};
self.connected
.entry(peer_id)
.or_default()
.insert(conn, addr);
if let Some(entry) = self.discovered_peers.get_mut(&peer_id) {
for addr in failed_addresses {
entry.remove(addr);
}
}
}
}
impl NetworkBehaviour for Behaviour {
type ConnectionHandler = Handler;
type OutEvent = Event;
fn handle_established_inbound_connection(
&mut self,
_: ConnectionId,
peer: PeerId,
_: &Multiaddr,
remote_addr: &Multiaddr,
) -> Result<THandler<Self>, ConnectionDenied> {
Ok(Handler::new(
self.config.initial_delay,
self.config.interval,
peer,
self.config.local_public_key.clone(),
self.config.protocol_version.clone(),
self.config.agent_version.clone(),
remote_addr.clone(),
))
}
fn handle_established_outbound_connection(
&mut self,
_: ConnectionId,
peer: PeerId,
addr: &Multiaddr,
_: Endpoint,
) -> Result<THandler<Self>, ConnectionDenied> {
Ok(Handler::new(
self.config.initial_delay,
self.config.interval,
peer,
self.config.local_public_key.clone(),
self.config.protocol_version.clone(),
self.config.agent_version.clone(),
addr.clone(), // TODO: This is weird? That is the public address we dialed, shouldn't need to tell the other party?
))
}
fn on_connection_handler_event(
&mut self,
peer_id: PeerId,
connection_id: ConnectionId,
event: THandlerOutEvent<Self>,
) {
match event {
handler::Event::Identified(mut info) => {
// Remove invalid multiaddrs.
info.listen_addrs
.retain(|addr| multiaddr_matches_peer_id(addr, &peer_id));
// Replace existing addresses to prevent other peer from filling up our memory.
self.discovered_peers
.put(peer_id, info.listen_addrs.iter().cloned());
let observed = info.observed_addr.clone();
self.events
.push_back(ToSwarm::GenerateEvent(Event::Received { peer_id, info }));
self.events.push_back(ToSwarm::ReportObservedAddr {
address: observed,
score: AddressScore::Finite(1),
});
}
handler::Event::Identification(peer) => {
self.events
.push_back(ToSwarm::GenerateEvent(Event::Sent { peer_id: peer }));
}
handler::Event::IdentificationPushed => {
self.events
.push_back(ToSwarm::GenerateEvent(Event::Pushed { peer_id }));
}
handler::Event::Identify => {
self.requests.push(Request {
peer_id,
protocol: Protocol::Identify(connection_id),
});
}
handler::Event::IdentificationError(error) => {
self.events
.push_back(ToSwarm::GenerateEvent(Event::Error { peer_id, error }));
}
}
}
fn poll(
&mut self,
_cx: &mut Context<'_>,
params: &mut impl PollParameters,
) -> Poll<ToSwarm<Self::OutEvent, THandlerInEvent<Self>>> {
if let Some(event) = self.events.pop_front() {
return Poll::Ready(event);
}
// Check for pending requests.
match self.requests.pop() {
Some(Request {
peer_id,
protocol: Protocol::Push,
}) => Poll::Ready(ToSwarm::NotifyHandler {
peer_id,
handler: NotifyHandler::Any,
event: InEvent {
listen_addrs: self
.listen_addresses
.iter()
.chain(self.external_addresses.iter())
.cloned()
.collect(),
supported_protocols: supported_protocols(params),
protocol: Protocol::Push,
},
}),
Some(Request {
peer_id,
protocol: Protocol::Identify(connection_id),
}) => Poll::Ready(ToSwarm::NotifyHandler {
peer_id,
handler: NotifyHandler::One(connection_id),
event: InEvent {
listen_addrs: self
.listen_addresses
.iter()
.chain(self.external_addresses.iter())
.cloned()
.collect(),
supported_protocols: supported_protocols(params),
protocol: Protocol::Identify(connection_id),
},
}),
None => Poll::Pending,
}
}
fn handle_pending_outbound_connection(
&mut self,
_connection_id: ConnectionId,
maybe_peer: Option<PeerId>,
_addresses: &[Multiaddr],
_effective_role: Endpoint,
) -> Result<Vec<Multiaddr>, ConnectionDenied> {
let peer = match maybe_peer {
None => return Ok(vec![]),
Some(peer) => peer,
};
Ok(self.discovered_peers.get(&peer))
}
fn on_swarm_event(&mut self, event: FromSwarm<Self::ConnectionHandler>) {
self.listen_addresses.on_swarm_event(&event);
self.external_addresses.on_swarm_event(&event);
match event {
FromSwarm::ConnectionEstablished(connection_established) => {
self.on_connection_established(connection_established)
}
FromSwarm::ConnectionClosed(ConnectionClosed {
peer_id,
connection_id,
remaining_established,
..
}) => {
if remaining_established == 0 {
self.connected.remove(&peer_id);
self.requests.retain(|request| {
request
!= &Request {
peer_id,
protocol: Protocol::Push,
}
});
} else if let Some(addrs) = self.connected.get_mut(&peer_id) {
addrs.remove(&connection_id);
}
}
FromSwarm::DialFailure(DialFailure { peer_id, error, .. }) => {
if let Some(peer_id) = peer_id {
if !self.connected.contains_key(&peer_id) {
self.requests.retain(|request| {
request
!= &Request {
peer_id,
protocol: Protocol::Push,
}
});
}
}
if let Some(entry) = peer_id.and_then(|id| self.discovered_peers.get_mut(&id)) {
if let DialError::Transport(errors) = error {
for (addr, _error) in errors {
entry.remove(addr);
}
}
}
}
FromSwarm::NewListenAddr(_) | FromSwarm::ExpiredListenAddr(_) => {
if self.config.push_listen_addr_updates {
for p in self.connected.keys() {
let request = Request {
peer_id: *p,
protocol: Protocol::Push,
};
if !self.requests.contains(&request) {
self.requests.push(request);
}
}
}
}
FromSwarm::AddressChange(_)
| FromSwarm::ListenFailure(_)
| FromSwarm::NewListener(_)
| FromSwarm::ListenerError(_)
| FromSwarm::ListenerClosed(_)
| FromSwarm::NewExternalAddr(_)
| FromSwarm::ExpiredExternalAddr(_) => {}
}
}
}
/// Event emitted by the `Identify` behaviour.
#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum Event {
/// Identification information has been received from a peer.
Received {
/// The peer that has been identified.
peer_id: PeerId,
/// The information provided by the peer.
info: Info,
},
/// Identification information of the local node has been sent to a peer in
/// response to an identification request.
Sent {
/// The peer that the information has been sent to.
peer_id: PeerId,
},
/// Identification information of the local node has been actively pushed to
/// a peer.
Pushed {
/// The peer that the information has been sent to.
peer_id: PeerId,
},
/// Error while attempting to identify the remote.
Error {
/// The peer with whom the error originated.
peer_id: PeerId,
/// The error that occurred.
error: ConnectionHandlerUpgrErr<UpgradeError>,
},
}
fn supported_protocols(params: &impl PollParameters) -> Vec<String> {
// The protocol names can be bytes, but the identify protocol except UTF-8 strings.
// There's not much we can do to solve this conflict except strip non-UTF-8 characters.
params
.supported_protocols()
.map(|p| String::from_utf8_lossy(&p).to_string())
.collect()
}
/// If there is a given peer_id in the multiaddr, make sure it is the same as
/// the given peer_id. If there is no peer_id for the peer in the mutiaddr, this returns true.
fn multiaddr_matches_peer_id(addr: &Multiaddr, peer_id: &PeerId) -> bool {
let last_component = addr.iter().last();
if let Some(multiaddr::Protocol::P2p(multi_addr_peer_id)) = last_component {
return multi_addr_peer_id == *peer_id.as_ref();
}
true
}
struct PeerCache(Option<LruCache<PeerId, HashSet<Multiaddr>>>);
impl PeerCache {
fn disabled() -> Self {
Self(None)
}
fn enabled(size: NonZeroUsize) -> Self {
Self(Some(LruCache::new(size)))
}
fn get_mut(&mut self, peer: &PeerId) -> Option<&mut HashSet<Multiaddr>> {
self.0.as_mut()?.get_mut(peer)
}
fn put(&mut self, peer: PeerId, addresses: impl Iterator<Item = Multiaddr>) {
let cache = match self.0.as_mut() {
None => return,
Some(cache) => cache,
};
cache.put(peer, HashSet::from_iter(addresses));
}
fn get(&mut self, peer: &PeerId) -> Vec<Multiaddr> {
let cache = match self.0.as_mut() {
None => return Vec::new(),
Some(cache) => cache,
};
cache
.get(peer)
.cloned()
.map(Vec::from_iter)
.unwrap_or_default()
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use futures::pin_mut;
use futures::prelude::*;
use libp2p_core::{muxing::StreamMuxerBox, transport, upgrade, Transport};
use libp2p_identity as identity;
use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
use libp2p_mplex::MplexConfig;
use libp2p_noise as noise;
use libp2p_swarm::{Swarm, SwarmBuilder, SwarmEvent};
use libp2p_tcp as tcp;
use std::time::Duration;
fn transport() -> (
identity::PublicKey,
transport::Boxed<(PeerId, StreamMuxerBox)>,
) {
let id_keys = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
let pubkey = id_keys.public();
let transport = tcp::async_io::Transport::new(tcp::Config::default().nodelay(true))
.upgrade(upgrade::Version::V1)
.authenticate(noise::Config::new(&id_keys).unwrap())
.multiplex(MplexConfig::new())
.boxed();
(pubkey, transport)
}
#[test]
fn periodic_identify() {
let (mut swarm1, pubkey1) = {
let (pubkey, transport) = transport();
let protocol = Behaviour::new(
Config::new("a".to_string(), pubkey.clone()).with_agent_version("b".to_string()),
);
let swarm =
SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(transport, protocol, pubkey.to_peer_id())
.build();
(swarm, pubkey)
};
let (mut swarm2, pubkey2) = {
let (pubkey, transport) = transport();
let protocol = Behaviour::new(
Config::new("c".to_string(), pubkey.clone()).with_agent_version("d".to_string()),
);
let swarm =
SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(transport, protocol, pubkey.to_peer_id())
.build();
(swarm, pubkey)
};
swarm1
.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap())
.unwrap();
let listen_addr = async_std::task::block_on(async {
loop {
let swarm1_fut = swarm1.select_next_some();
pin_mut!(swarm1_fut);
if let SwarmEvent::NewListenAddr { address, .. } = swarm1_fut.await {
return address;
}
}
});
swarm2.dial(listen_addr).unwrap();
// nb. Either swarm may receive the `Identified` event first, upon which
// it will permit the connection to be closed, as defined by
// `Handler::connection_keep_alive`. Hence the test succeeds if
// either `Identified` event arrives correctly.
async_std::task::block_on(async move {
loop {
let swarm1_fut = swarm1.select_next_some();
pin_mut!(swarm1_fut);
let swarm2_fut = swarm2.select_next_some();
pin_mut!(swarm2_fut);
match future::select(swarm1_fut, swarm2_fut)
.await
.factor_second()
.0
{
future::Either::Left(SwarmEvent::Behaviour(Event::Received {
info, ..
})) => {
assert_eq!(info.public_key, pubkey2);
assert_eq!(info.protocol_version, "c");
assert_eq!(info.agent_version, "d");
assert!(!info.protocols.is_empty());
assert!(info.listen_addrs.is_empty());
return;
}
future::Either::Right(SwarmEvent::Behaviour(Event::Received {
info, ..
})) => {
assert_eq!(info.public_key, pubkey1);
assert_eq!(info.protocol_version, "a");
assert_eq!(info.agent_version, "b");
assert!(!info.protocols.is_empty());
assert_eq!(info.listen_addrs.len(), 1);
return;
}
_ => {}
}
}
})
}
#[test]
fn identify_push() {
let _ = env_logger::try_init();
let (mut swarm1, pubkey1) = {
let (pubkey, transport) = transport();
let protocol = Behaviour::new(Config::new("a".to_string(), pubkey.clone()));
let swarm =
SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(transport, protocol, pubkey.to_peer_id())
.build();
(swarm, pubkey)
};
let (mut swarm2, pubkey2) = {
let (pubkey, transport) = transport();
let protocol = Behaviour::new(
Config::new("a".to_string(), pubkey.clone()).with_agent_version("b".to_string()),
);
let swarm =
SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(transport, protocol, pubkey.to_peer_id())
.build();
(swarm, pubkey)
};
Swarm::listen_on(&mut swarm1, "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
let listen_addr = async_std::task::block_on(async {
loop {
let swarm1_fut = swarm1.select_next_some();
pin_mut!(swarm1_fut);
if let SwarmEvent::NewListenAddr { address, .. } = swarm1_fut.await {
return address;
}
}
});
swarm2.dial(listen_addr).unwrap();
async_std::task::block_on(async move {
loop {
let swarm1_fut = swarm1.select_next_some();
let swarm2_fut = swarm2.select_next_some();
{
pin_mut!(swarm1_fut);
pin_mut!(swarm2_fut);
match future::select(swarm1_fut, swarm2_fut)
.await
.factor_second()
.0
{
future::Either::Left(SwarmEvent::Behaviour(Event::Received {
info,
..
})) => {
assert_eq!(info.public_key, pubkey2);
assert_eq!(info.protocol_version, "a");
assert_eq!(info.agent_version, "b");
assert!(!info.protocols.is_empty());
assert!(info.listen_addrs.is_empty());
return;
}
future::Either::Right(SwarmEvent::ConnectionEstablished { .. }) => {
// Once a connection is established, we can initiate an
// active push below.
}
_ => continue,
}
}
swarm2
.behaviour_mut()
.push(std::iter::once(pubkey1.to_peer_id()));
}
})
}
#[test]
fn discover_peer_after_disconnect() {
let _ = env_logger::try_init();
let mut swarm1 = {
let (pubkey, transport) = transport();
let protocol = Behaviour::new(
Config::new("a".to_string(), pubkey.clone())
// `swarm1` will set `KeepAlive::No` once it identified `swarm2` and thus
// closes the connection. At this point in time `swarm2` might not yet have
// identified `swarm1`. To give `swarm2` enough time, set an initial delay on
// `swarm1`.
.with_initial_delay(Duration::from_secs(10)),
);
SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(transport, protocol, pubkey.to_peer_id()).build()
};
let mut swarm2 = {
let (pubkey, transport) = transport();
let protocol = Behaviour::new(
Config::new("a".to_string(), pubkey.clone()).with_agent_version("b".to_string()),
);
SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(transport, protocol, pubkey.to_peer_id()).build()
};
let swarm1_peer_id = *swarm1.local_peer_id();
let listener = swarm1
.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap())
.unwrap();
let listen_addr = async_std::task::block_on(async {
loop {
match swarm1.select_next_some().await {
SwarmEvent::NewListenAddr {
address,
listener_id,
} if listener_id == listener => return address,
_ => {}
}
}
});
async_std::task::spawn(async move {
loop {
swarm1.next().await;
}
});
swarm2.dial(listen_addr).unwrap();
// Wait until we identified.
async_std::task::block_on(async {
loop {
if let SwarmEvent::Behaviour(Event::Received { .. }) =
swarm2.select_next_some().await
{
break;
}
}
});
swarm2.disconnect_peer_id(swarm1_peer_id).unwrap();
// Wait for connection to close.
async_std::task::block_on(async {
loop {
if let SwarmEvent::ConnectionClosed { peer_id, .. } =
swarm2.select_next_some().await
{
break peer_id;
}
}
});
// We should still be able to dial now!
swarm2.dial(swarm1_peer_id).unwrap();
let connected_peer = async_std::task::block_on(async {
loop {
if let SwarmEvent::ConnectionEstablished { peer_id, .. } =
swarm2.select_next_some().await
{
break peer_id;
}
}
});
assert_eq!(connected_peer, swarm1_peer_id);
}
#[test]
fn check_multiaddr_matches_peer_id() {
let peer_id = PeerId::random();
let other_peer_id = PeerId::random();
let mut addr: Multiaddr = "/ip4/147.75.69.143/tcp/4001"
.parse()
.expect("failed to parse multiaddr");
let addr_without_peer_id: Multiaddr = addr.clone();
let mut addr_with_other_peer_id = addr.clone();
addr.push(multiaddr::Protocol::P2p(peer_id.into()));
addr_with_other_peer_id.push(multiaddr::Protocol::P2p(other_peer_id.into()));
assert!(multiaddr_matches_peer_id(&addr, &peer_id));
assert!(!multiaddr_matches_peer_id(
&addr_with_other_peer_id,
&peer_id
));
assert!(multiaddr_matches_peer_id(&addr_without_peer_id, &peer_id));
}
}