Type Alias PyObject

pub type PyObject = Py<PyAny>;

A commonly-used alias for Py<PyAny>.

This is an owned reference a Python object without any type information. This value can also be safely sent between threads.

See the documentation for Py.

Aliased Type

struct PyObject(/* private fields */);

Implementations

impl PyObject

pub fn downcast<'py, T>( &'py self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> Result<&'py T, PyDowncastError<'py>>

where T: PyTypeCheck<AsRefTarget = T>,

👎Deprecated since 0.21.0: PyObject::downcast will be replaced by PyObject::downcast_bound in a future PyO3 version

Available on crate feature gil-refs only.

Deprecated form of PyObject::downcast_bound

pub fn downcast_bound<'py, T>( &self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> Result<&Bound<'py, T>, DowncastError<'_, 'py>>

where T: PyTypeCheck,

Downcast this PyObject to a concrete Python type or pyclass.

Note that you can often avoid downcasting yourself by just specifying the desired type in function or method signatures. However, manual downcasting is sometimes necessary.

For extracting a Rust-only type, see Py::extract.

Example: Downcasting to a specific Python object

use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::types::{PyDict, PyList};

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let any: PyObject = PyDict::new_bound(py).into();

    assert!(any.downcast_bound::<PyDict>(py).is_ok());
    assert!(any.downcast_bound::<PyList>(py).is_err());
});

Example: Getting a reference to a pyclass

This is useful if you want to mutate a PyObject that might actually be a pyclass.

use pyo3::prelude::*;

#[pyclass]
struct Class {
    i: i32,
}

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let class: PyObject = Py::new(py, Class { i: 0 }).unwrap().into_py(py);

    let class_bound = class.downcast_bound::<Class>(py)?;

    class_bound.borrow_mut().i += 1;

    // Alternatively you can get a `PyRefMut` directly
    let class_ref: PyRefMut<'_, Class> = class.extract(py)?;
    assert_eq!(class_ref.i, 1);
    Ok(())
})

pub unsafe fn downcast_unchecked<'py, T>(&'py self, py: Python<'py>) -> &T

where T: HasPyGilRef<AsRefTarget = T>,

👎Deprecated since 0.21.0: PyObject::downcast_unchecked will be replaced by PyObject::downcast_bound_unchecked in a future PyO3 version

Available on crate feature gil-refs only.

Deprecated form of PyObject::downcast_bound_unchecked

Safety

Callers must ensure that the type is valid or risk type confusion.

pub unsafe fn downcast_bound_unchecked<'py, T>( &self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> &Bound<'py, T>

Casts the PyObject to a concrete Python object type without checking validity.

Safety

Callers must ensure that the type is valid or risk type confusion.

Trait Implementations

impl<T> From<&T> for PyObject

where T: PyNativeType,

Available on crate feature gil-refs only.

fn from(obj: &T) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T> From<Bound<'_, T>> for PyObject

where T: AsRef<PyAny>,

fn from(other: Bound<'_, T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T> From<Py<T>> for PyObject

where T: AsRef<PyAny>,

fn from(other: Py<T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.