solana_stake_program/

stake_instruction.rs

use {
    crate::{
        config,
        stake_state::{
            authorize, authorize_with_seed, deactivate, deactivate_delinquent, delegate,
            initialize, merge, new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch, redelegate, set_lockup, split,
            withdraw,
        },
    },
    log::*,
    solana_program_runtime::{
        declare_process_instruction, sysvar_cache::get_sysvar_with_account_check,
    },
    solana_sdk::{
        feature_set,
        instruction::InstructionError,
        program_utils::limited_deserialize,
        pubkey::Pubkey,
        stake::{
            instruction::{LockupArgs, StakeInstruction},
            program::id,
            state::{Authorized, Lockup},
        },
        transaction_context::{IndexOfAccount, InstructionContext, TransactionContext},
    },
};

fn get_optional_pubkey<'a>(
    transaction_context: &'a TransactionContext,
    instruction_context: &'a InstructionContext,
    instruction_account_index: IndexOfAccount,
    should_be_signer: bool,
) -> Result<Option<&'a Pubkey>, InstructionError> {
    Ok(
        if instruction_account_index < instruction_context.get_number_of_instruction_accounts() {
            if should_be_signer
                && !instruction_context.is_instruction_account_signer(instruction_account_index)?
            {
                return Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature);
            }
            Some(
                transaction_context.get_key_of_account_at_index(
                    instruction_context.get_index_of_instruction_account_in_transaction(
                        instruction_account_index,
                    )?,
                )?,
            )
        } else {
            None
        },
    )
}

pub const DEFAULT_COMPUTE_UNITS: u64 = 750;

declare_process_instruction!(Entrypoint, DEFAULT_COMPUTE_UNITS, |invoke_context| {
    let transaction_context = &invoke_context.transaction_context;
    let instruction_context = transaction_context.get_current_instruction_context()?;
    let data = instruction_context.get_instruction_data();

    trace!("process_instruction: {:?}", data);

    let get_stake_account = || {
        let me = instruction_context.try_borrow_instruction_account(transaction_context, 0)?;
        if *me.get_owner() != id() {
            return Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner);
        }
        Ok(me)
    };

    let signers = instruction_context.get_signers(transaction_context)?;
    match limited_deserialize(data) {
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Initialize(authorized, lockup)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            let rent = get_sysvar_with_account_check::rent(invoke_context, instruction_context, 1)?;
            initialize(&mut me, &authorized, &lockup, &rent)
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Authorize(authorized_pubkey, stake_authorize)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 1)?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(3)?;
            let custodian_pubkey =
                get_optional_pubkey(transaction_context, instruction_context, 3, false)?;

            authorize(
                &mut me,
                &signers,
                &authorized_pubkey,
                stake_authorize,
                &clock,
                custodian_pubkey,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::AuthorizeWithSeed(args)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(2)?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 2)?;
            let custodian_pubkey =
                get_optional_pubkey(transaction_context, instruction_context, 3, false)?;

            authorize_with_seed(
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                &mut me,
                1,
                &args.authority_seed,
                &args.authority_owner,
                &args.new_authorized_pubkey,
                args.stake_authorize,
                &clock,
                custodian_pubkey,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::DelegateStake) => {
            let me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(2)?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 2)?;
            let stake_history = get_sysvar_with_account_check::stake_history(
                invoke_context,
                instruction_context,
                3,
            )?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(5)?;
            drop(me);
            if !invoke_context
                .feature_set
                .is_active(&feature_set::reduce_stake_warmup_cooldown::id())
            {
                // Post feature activation, remove both the feature gate code and the config completely in the interface
                let config_account =
                    instruction_context.try_borrow_instruction_account(transaction_context, 4)?;
                #[allow(deprecated)]
                if !config::check_id(config_account.get_key()) {
                    return Err(InstructionError::InvalidArgument);
                }
                config::from(&config_account).ok_or(InstructionError::InvalidArgument)?;
            }
            delegate(
                invoke_context,
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                0,
                1,
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
                &signers,
                &invoke_context.feature_set,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Split(lamports)) => {
            let me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(2)?;
            drop(me);
            split(
                invoke_context,
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                0,
                lamports,
                1,
                &signers,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Merge) => {
            let me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(2)?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 2)?;
            let stake_history = get_sysvar_with_account_check::stake_history(
                invoke_context,
                instruction_context,
                3,
            )?;
            drop(me);
            merge(
                invoke_context,
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                0,
                1,
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
                &signers,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Withdraw(lamports)) => {
            let me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(2)?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 2)?;
            let stake_history = get_sysvar_with_account_check::stake_history(
                invoke_context,
                instruction_context,
                3,
            )?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(5)?;
            drop(me);
            withdraw(
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                0,
                lamports,
                1,
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
                4,
                if instruction_context.get_number_of_instruction_accounts() >= 6 {
                    Some(5)
                } else {
                    None
                },
                new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch(invoke_context),
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Deactivate) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 1)?;
            deactivate(invoke_context, &mut me, &clock, &signers)
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::SetLockup(lockup)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            let clock = invoke_context.get_sysvar_cache().get_clock()?;
            set_lockup(&mut me, &lockup, &signers, &clock)
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::InitializeChecked) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(4)?;
            let staker_pubkey = transaction_context.get_key_of_account_at_index(
                instruction_context.get_index_of_instruction_account_in_transaction(2)?,
            )?;
            let withdrawer_pubkey = transaction_context.get_key_of_account_at_index(
                instruction_context.get_index_of_instruction_account_in_transaction(3)?,
            )?;
            if !instruction_context.is_instruction_account_signer(3)? {
                return Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature);
            }

            let authorized = Authorized {
                staker: *staker_pubkey,
                withdrawer: *withdrawer_pubkey,
            };

            let rent = get_sysvar_with_account_check::rent(invoke_context, instruction_context, 1)?;
            initialize(&mut me, &authorized, &Lockup::default(), &rent)
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::AuthorizeChecked(stake_authorize)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 1)?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(4)?;
            let authorized_pubkey = transaction_context.get_key_of_account_at_index(
                instruction_context.get_index_of_instruction_account_in_transaction(3)?,
            )?;
            if !instruction_context.is_instruction_account_signer(3)? {
                return Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature);
            }
            let custodian_pubkey =
                get_optional_pubkey(transaction_context, instruction_context, 4, false)?;

            authorize(
                &mut me,
                &signers,
                authorized_pubkey,
                stake_authorize,
                &clock,
                custodian_pubkey,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::AuthorizeCheckedWithSeed(args)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(2)?;
            let clock =
                get_sysvar_with_account_check::clock(invoke_context, instruction_context, 2)?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(4)?;
            let authorized_pubkey = transaction_context.get_key_of_account_at_index(
                instruction_context.get_index_of_instruction_account_in_transaction(3)?,
            )?;
            if !instruction_context.is_instruction_account_signer(3)? {
                return Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature);
            }
            let custodian_pubkey =
                get_optional_pubkey(transaction_context, instruction_context, 4, false)?;

            authorize_with_seed(
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                &mut me,
                1,
                &args.authority_seed,
                &args.authority_owner,
                authorized_pubkey,
                args.stake_authorize,
                &clock,
                custodian_pubkey,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::SetLockupChecked(lockup_checked)) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            let custodian_pubkey =
                get_optional_pubkey(transaction_context, instruction_context, 2, true)?;

            let lockup = LockupArgs {
                unix_timestamp: lockup_checked.unix_timestamp,
                epoch: lockup_checked.epoch,
                custodian: custodian_pubkey.cloned(),
            };
            let clock = invoke_context.get_sysvar_cache().get_clock()?;
            set_lockup(&mut me, &lockup, &signers, &clock)
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::GetMinimumDelegation) => {
            let feature_set = invoke_context.feature_set.as_ref();
            let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(feature_set);
            let minimum_delegation = Vec::from(minimum_delegation.to_le_bytes());
            invoke_context
                .transaction_context
                .set_return_data(id(), minimum_delegation)
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::DeactivateDelinquent) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(3)?;

            let clock = invoke_context.get_sysvar_cache().get_clock()?;
            deactivate_delinquent(
                invoke_context,
                transaction_context,
                instruction_context,
                &mut me,
                1,
                2,
                clock.epoch,
            )
        }
        Ok(StakeInstruction::Redelegate) => {
            let mut me = get_stake_account()?;
            if invoke_context
                .feature_set
                .is_active(&feature_set::stake_redelegate_instruction::id())
            {
                instruction_context.check_number_of_instruction_accounts(3)?;
                if !invoke_context
                    .feature_set
                    .is_active(&feature_set::reduce_stake_warmup_cooldown::id())
                {
                    // Post feature activation, remove both the feature gate code and the config completely in the interface
                    let config_account = instruction_context
                        .try_borrow_instruction_account(transaction_context, 3)?;
                    #[allow(deprecated)]
                    if !config::check_id(config_account.get_key()) {
                        return Err(InstructionError::InvalidArgument);
                    }
                    config::from(&config_account).ok_or(InstructionError::InvalidArgument)?;
                }
                redelegate(
                    invoke_context,
                    transaction_context,
                    instruction_context,
                    &mut me,
                    1,
                    2,
                    &signers,
                )
            } else {
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidInstructionData)
            }
        }
        Err(err) => Err(err),
    }
});

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use {
        super::*,
        crate::{
            config,
            stake_state::{
                authorized_from, create_stake_history_from_delegations, from, new_stake,
                stake_from, Delegation, Meta, Stake, StakeStateV2,
            },
        },
        assert_matches::assert_matches,
        bincode::serialize,
        solana_program_runtime::invoke_context::mock_process_instruction,
        solana_sdk::{
            account::{
                create_account_shared_data_for_test, AccountSharedData, ReadableAccount,
                WritableAccount,
            },
            account_utils::StateMut,
            clock::{Clock, Epoch, UnixTimestamp},
            epoch_schedule::EpochSchedule,
            feature_set::FeatureSet,
            instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction},
            pubkey::Pubkey,
            rent::Rent,
            stake::{
                config as stake_config,
                instruction::{
                    self, authorize_checked, authorize_checked_with_seed, initialize_checked,
                    set_lockup_checked, AuthorizeCheckedWithSeedArgs, AuthorizeWithSeedArgs,
                    LockupArgs, StakeError,
                },
                stake_flags::StakeFlags,
                state::{
                    warmup_cooldown_rate, Authorized, Lockup, StakeActivationStatus, StakeAuthorize,
                },
                MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION,
            },
            stake_history::{StakeHistory, StakeHistoryEntry},
            system_program,
            sysvar::{clock, epoch_schedule, rent, rewards, stake_history},
        },
        solana_vote_program::vote_state::{self, VoteState, VoteStateVersions},
        std::{collections::HashSet, str::FromStr, sync::Arc},
        test_case::test_case,
    };

    fn feature_set_all_enabled() -> Arc<FeatureSet> {
        Arc::new(FeatureSet::all_enabled())
    }

    /// With stake minimum delegation but 25% warmup/cooldown
    fn feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown() -> Arc<FeatureSet> {
        let mut feature_set = FeatureSet::all_enabled();
        feature_set.deactivate(&feature_set::reduce_stake_warmup_cooldown::id());
        Arc::new(feature_set)
    }

    /// No stake minimum delegation and 25% warmup/cooldown
    fn feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation() -> Arc<FeatureSet> {
        let mut feature_set = feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown();
        Arc::get_mut(&mut feature_set)
            .unwrap()
            .deactivate(&feature_set::stake_raise_minimum_delegation_to_1_sol::id());
        feature_set
    }

    fn feature_set_without_require_rent_exempt_split_destination() -> Arc<FeatureSet> {
        let mut feature_set = FeatureSet::all_enabled();
        feature_set.deactivate(&feature_set::require_rent_exempt_split_destination::id());
        Arc::new(feature_set)
    }

    fn create_default_account() -> AccountSharedData {
        AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &Pubkey::new_unique())
    }

    fn create_default_stake_account() -> AccountSharedData {
        AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &id())
    }

    fn invalid_stake_state_pubkey() -> Pubkey {
        Pubkey::from_str("BadStake11111111111111111111111111111111111").unwrap()
    }

    fn invalid_vote_state_pubkey() -> Pubkey {
        Pubkey::from_str("BadVote111111111111111111111111111111111111").unwrap()
    }

    fn spoofed_stake_state_pubkey() -> Pubkey {
        Pubkey::from_str("SpoofedStake1111111111111111111111111111111").unwrap()
    }

    fn spoofed_stake_program_id() -> Pubkey {
        Pubkey::from_str("Spoofed111111111111111111111111111111111111").unwrap()
    }

    fn process_instruction(
        feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>,
        instruction_data: &[u8],
        transaction_accounts: Vec<(Pubkey, AccountSharedData)>,
        instruction_accounts: Vec<AccountMeta>,
        expected_result: Result<(), InstructionError>,
    ) -> Vec<AccountSharedData> {
        mock_process_instruction(
            &id(),
            Vec::new(),
            instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            expected_result,
            Entrypoint::vm,
            |invoke_context| {
                invoke_context.feature_set = Arc::clone(&feature_set);
            },
            |_invoke_context| {},
        )
    }

    fn process_instruction_as_one_arg(
        feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>,
        instruction: &Instruction,
        expected_result: Result<(), InstructionError>,
    ) -> Vec<AccountSharedData> {
        let mut pubkeys: HashSet<Pubkey> = instruction
            .accounts
            .iter()
            .map(|meta| meta.pubkey)
            .collect();
        pubkeys.insert(clock::id());
        pubkeys.insert(epoch_schedule::id());
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let transaction_accounts = pubkeys
            .iter()
            .map(|pubkey| {
                (
                    *pubkey,
                    if clock::check_id(pubkey) {
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock::Clock::default())
                    } else if rewards::check_id(pubkey) {
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rewards::Rewards::new(0.0))
                    } else if stake_history::check_id(pubkey) {
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default())
                    } else if stake_config::check_id(pubkey) {
                        config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default())
                    } else if epoch_schedule::check_id(pubkey) {
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default())
                    } else if rent::check_id(pubkey) {
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Rent::default())
                    } else if *pubkey == invalid_stake_state_pubkey() {
                        AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &id())
                    } else if *pubkey == invalid_vote_state_pubkey() {
                        AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &solana_vote_program::id())
                    } else if *pubkey == spoofed_stake_state_pubkey() {
                        AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &spoofed_stake_program_id())
                    } else {
                        AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &id())
                    },
                )
            })
            .collect();
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction.data,
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction.accounts.clone(),
            expected_result,
        )
    }

    fn just_stake(meta: Meta, stake: u64) -> StakeStateV2 {
        StakeStateV2::Stake(
            meta,
            Stake {
                delegation: Delegation {
                    stake,
                    ..Delegation::default()
                },
                ..Stake::default()
            },
            StakeFlags::empty(),
        )
    }

    fn get_active_stake_for_tests(
        stake_accounts: &[AccountSharedData],
        clock: &Clock,
        stake_history: &StakeHistory,
    ) -> u64 {
        let mut active_stake = 0;
        for account in stake_accounts {
            if let StakeStateV2::Stake(_meta, stake, _stake_flags) = account.state().unwrap() {
                let stake_status = stake.delegation.stake_activating_and_deactivating(
                    clock.epoch,
                    stake_history,
                    None,
                );
                active_stake += stake_status.effective;
            }
        }
        active_stake
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_process_instruction(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::initialize(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Authorized::default(),
                &Lockup::default(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::authorize(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
                None,
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::split(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                &invalid_stake_state_pubkey(),
            )[2],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::merge(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &invalid_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            )[0],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::split_with_seed(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                &invalid_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                "seed",
            )[1],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::delegate_stake(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &invalid_vote_state_pubkey(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::withdraw(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                None,
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::deactivate_stake(&Pubkey::new_unique(), &Pubkey::new_unique()),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::set_lockup(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &LockupArgs::default(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::deactivate_delinquent_stake(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &invalid_vote_state_pubkey(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::deactivate_delinquent_stake(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &invalid_vote_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::deactivate_delinquent_stake(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &invalid_vote_state_pubkey(),
                &invalid_vote_state_pubkey(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_spoofed_stake_accounts(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::initialize(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Authorized::default(),
                &Lockup::default(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::authorize(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
                None,
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::split(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            )[2],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::split(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
            )[2],
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::merge(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            )[0],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::merge(
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            )[0],
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::split_with_seed(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                "seed",
            )[1],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::delegate_stake(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::withdraw(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                100,
                None,
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::deactivate_stake(&spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(), &Pubkey::new_unique()),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::set_lockup(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &LockupArgs::default(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::deactivate_delinquent_stake(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction::redelegate(
                &spoofed_stake_state_pubkey(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(),
            )[2],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountOwner),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_process_instruction_decode_bail(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        // these will not call stake_state, have bogus contents
        let stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let stake_account = create_default_stake_account();
        let rent_address = rent::id();
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent);
        let rewards_address = rewards::id();
        let rewards_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rewards::Rewards::new(0.0));
        let stake_history_address = stake_history::id();
        let stake_history_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default());
        let vote_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let vote_account = AccountSharedData::new(0, 0, &solana_vote_program::id());
        let clock_address = clock::id();
        let clock_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock::Clock::default());
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let config_address = stake_config::id();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let config_account = config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default());
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let withdrawal_amount = rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation;

        // gets the "is_empty()" check
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
                Authorized::default(),
                Lockup::default(),
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            Vec::new(),
            Vec::new(),
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );

        // no account for rent
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
                Authorized::default(),
                Lockup::default(),
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            vec![(stake_address, stake_account.clone())],
            vec![AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            }],
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );

        // fails to deserialize stake state
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
                Authorized::default(),
                Lockup::default(),
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (rent_address, rent_account),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rent_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        // gets the first check in delegate, wrong number of accounts
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            vec![(stake_address, stake_account.clone())],
            vec![AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            }],
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );

        // gets the sub-check for number of args
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            vec![(stake_address, stake_account.clone())],
            vec![AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            }],
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );

        // gets the check non-deserialize-able account in delegate_stake
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (vote_address, vote_account.clone()),
                (clock_address, clock_account),
                (stake_history_address, stake_history_account.clone()),
                (config_address, config_account),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: config_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        // Tests 3rd keyed account is of correct type (Clock instead of rewards) in withdraw
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(withdrawal_amount)).unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (vote_address, vote_account.clone()),
                (rewards_address, rewards_account.clone()),
                (stake_history_address, stake_history_account),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rewards_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidArgument),
        );

        // Tests correct number of accounts are provided in withdraw
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(withdrawal_amount)).unwrap(),
            vec![(stake_address, stake_account.clone())],
            vec![AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            }],
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );

        // Tests 2nd keyed account is of correct type (Clock instead of rewards) in deactivate
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (rewards_address, rewards_account),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rewards_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidArgument),
        );

        // Tests correct number of accounts are provided in deactivate
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            Vec::new(),
            Vec::new(),
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );

        // Tests correct number of accounts are provided in deactivate_delinquent
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DeactivateDelinquent).unwrap(),
            Vec::new(),
            Vec::new(),
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DeactivateDelinquent).unwrap(),
            vec![(stake_address, stake_account.clone())],
            vec![AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            }],
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DeactivateDelinquent).unwrap(),
            vec![(stake_address, stake_account), (vote_address, vote_account)],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_checked_instructions(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let staker = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let staker_account = create_default_account();
        let withdrawer = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let withdrawer_account = create_default_account();
        let authorized_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let authorized_account = create_default_account();
        let new_authorized_account = create_default_account();
        let clock_address = clock::id();
        let clock_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default());
        let custodian = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let custodian_account = create_default_account();
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_address = rent::id();
        let rent_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent);
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);

        // Test InitializeChecked with non-signing withdrawer
        let mut instruction =
            initialize_checked(&stake_address, &Authorized { staker, withdrawer });
        instruction.accounts[3] = AccountMeta::new_readonly(withdrawer, false);
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Test InitializeChecked with withdrawer signer
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new(
            rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        );
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::InitializeChecked).unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (rent_address, rent_account),
                (staker, staker_account),
                (withdrawer, withdrawer_account.clone()),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rent_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: staker,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: withdrawer,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Test AuthorizeChecked with non-signing authority
        let mut instruction = authorize_checked(
            &stake_address,
            &authorized_address,
            &staker,
            StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            None,
        );
        instruction.accounts[3] = AccountMeta::new_readonly(staker, false);
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        let mut instruction = authorize_checked(
            &stake_address,
            &authorized_address,
            &withdrawer,
            StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            None,
        );
        instruction.accounts[3] = AccountMeta::new_readonly(withdrawer, false);
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Test AuthorizeChecked with authority signer
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            42,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&authorized_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeChecked(StakeAuthorize::Staker)).unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (clock_address, clock_account.clone()),
                (authorized_address, authorized_account.clone()),
                (staker, new_authorized_account.clone()),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authorized_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: staker,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeChecked(
                StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (clock_address, clock_account.clone()),
                (authorized_address, authorized_account.clone()),
                (withdrawer, new_authorized_account.clone()),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authorized_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: withdrawer,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Test AuthorizeCheckedWithSeed with non-signing authority
        let authorized_owner = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let seed = "test seed";
        let address_with_seed =
            Pubkey::create_with_seed(&authorized_owner, seed, &authorized_owner).unwrap();
        let mut instruction = authorize_checked_with_seed(
            &stake_address,
            &authorized_owner,
            seed.to_string(),
            &authorized_owner,
            &staker,
            StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            None,
        );
        instruction.accounts[3] = AccountMeta::new_readonly(staker, false);
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        let mut instruction = authorize_checked_with_seed(
            &stake_address,
            &authorized_owner,
            seed.to_string(),
            &authorized_owner,
            &staker,
            StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            None,
        );
        instruction.accounts[3] = AccountMeta::new_readonly(staker, false);
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Test AuthorizeCheckedWithSeed with authority signer
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            42,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&address_with_seed)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeCheckedWithSeed(
                AuthorizeCheckedWithSeedArgs {
                    stake_authorize: StakeAuthorize::Staker,
                    authority_seed: seed.to_string(),
                    authority_owner: authorized_owner,
                },
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            vec![
                (address_with_seed, stake_account.clone()),
                (authorized_owner, authorized_account.clone()),
                (clock_address, clock_account.clone()),
                (staker, new_authorized_account.clone()),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: address_with_seed,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authorized_owner,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: staker,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeCheckedWithSeed(
                AuthorizeCheckedWithSeedArgs {
                    stake_authorize: StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
                    authority_seed: seed.to_string(),
                    authority_owner: authorized_owner,
                },
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            vec![
                (address_with_seed, stake_account),
                (authorized_owner, authorized_account),
                (clock_address, clock_account.clone()),
                (withdrawer, new_authorized_account),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: address_with_seed,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authorized_owner,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: withdrawer,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Test SetLockupChecked with non-signing lockup custodian
        let mut instruction = set_lockup_checked(
            &stake_address,
            &LockupArgs {
                unix_timestamp: None,
                epoch: Some(1),
                custodian: Some(custodian),
            },
            &withdrawer,
        );
        instruction.accounts[2] = AccountMeta::new_readonly(custodian, false);
        process_instruction_as_one_arg(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Test SetLockupChecked with lockup custodian signer
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            42,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&withdrawer)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction.data,
            vec![
                (clock_address, clock_account),
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (withdrawer, withdrawer_account),
                (custodian, custodian_account),
            ],
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: withdrawer,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: custodian,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_initialize(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new(stake_lamports, StakeStateV2::size_of(), &id());
        let custodian_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let lockup = Lockup {
            epoch: 1,
            unix_timestamp: 0,
            custodian: custodian_address,
        };
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
            Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            lockup,
        ))
        .unwrap();
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
            (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: rent::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should pass
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        // check that we see what we expect
        assert_eq!(
            from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(),
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta {
                authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                lockup,
            }),
        );

        // 2nd time fails, can't move it from anything other than uninit->init
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);

        // not enough balance for rent
        transaction_accounts[1] = (
            rent::id(),
            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Rent {
                lamports_per_byte_year: rent.lamports_per_byte_year + 1,
                ..rent
            }),
        );
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );

        // incorrect account sizes
        let stake_account =
            AccountSharedData::new(stake_lamports, StakeStateV2::size_of() + 1, &id());
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        let stake_account =
            AccountSharedData::new(stake_lamports, StakeStateV2::size_of() - 1, &id());
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_authorize(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let authority_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authority_address_2 = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::default(),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let to_account = AccountSharedData::new(1, 0, &system_program::id());
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (to_address, to_account),
            (authority_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authority_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should fail, uninit
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        // should pass
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        if let StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta { authorized, .. }) = from(&accounts[0]).unwrap() {
            assert_eq!(authorized.staker, authority_address);
            assert_eq!(authorized.withdrawer, authority_address);
        } else {
            panic!();
        }

        // A second authorization signed by the stake account should fail
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address_2,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Test a second authorization by the new authority_address
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = true;
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address_2,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        if let StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta { authorized, .. }) = from(&accounts[0]).unwrap() {
            assert_eq!(authorized.staker, authority_address_2);
        } else {
            panic!();
        }

        // Test a successful action by the currently authorized withdrawer
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authority_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Uninitialized);

        // Test that withdrawal to account fails without authorized withdrawer
        instruction_accounts[4].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_authorize_override(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let authority_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mallory_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (authority_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authority_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // Authorize a staker pubkey and move the withdrawer key into cold storage.
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Attack! The stake key (a hot key) is stolen and used to authorize a new staker.
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = true;
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                mallory_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Verify the original staker no longer has access.
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Verify the withdrawer (pulled from cold storage) can save the day.
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = true;
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = false;
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Attack! Verify the staker cannot be used to authorize a withdraw.
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        instruction_accounts[2] = AccountMeta {
            pubkey: mallory_address,
            is_signer: true,
            is_writable: false,
        };
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_authorize_with_seed(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let authority_base_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authority_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let seed = "42";
        let stake_address = Pubkey::create_with_seed(&authority_base_address, seed, &id()).unwrap();
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (authority_base_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authority_base_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // Wrong seed
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeWithSeed(
                AuthorizeWithSeedArgs {
                    new_authorized_pubkey: authority_address,
                    stake_authorize: StakeAuthorize::Staker,
                    authority_seed: "".to_string(),
                    authority_owner: id(),
                },
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Wrong base
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = authority_address;
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeWithSeed(
            AuthorizeWithSeedArgs {
                new_authorized_pubkey: authority_address,
                stake_authorize: StakeAuthorize::Staker,
                authority_seed: seed.to_string(),
                authority_owner: id(),
            },
        ))
        .unwrap();
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = authority_base_address;

        // Set stake authority
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Set withdraw authority
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::AuthorizeWithSeed(
            AuthorizeWithSeedArgs {
                new_authorized_pubkey: authority_address,
                stake_authorize: StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
                authority_seed: seed.to_string(),
                authority_owner: id(),
            },
        ))
        .unwrap();
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // No longer withdraw authority
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_authorize_delegated_stake(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let authority_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        let vote_address_2 = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account_2 =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address_2, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        vote_account_2.set_state(&VoteState::default()).unwrap();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (vote_address_2, vote_account_2),
            (
                authority_address,
                AccountSharedData::new(42, 0, &system_program::id()),
            ),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: vote_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // delegate stake
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // deactivate, so we can re-delegate
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // authorize
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authority_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Staker,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authority_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        assert_eq!(
            authorized_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap().staker,
            authority_address
        );

        // Random other account should fail
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = vote_address_2;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // Authorized staker should succeed
        instruction_accounts.push(AccountMeta {
            pubkey: authority_address,
            is_signer: true,
            is_writable: false,
        });
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap().delegation.voter_pubkey,
            vote_address_2,
        );

        // Test another staking action
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authority_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_delegate(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();
        for i in 0..1000 {
            vote_state::process_slot_vote_unchecked(&mut vote_state, i);
        }
        let vote_state_credits = vote_state.credits();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let vote_address_2 = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        let mut vote_account_2 =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address_2, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        vote_account
            .set_state(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(vote_state.clone()))
            .unwrap();
        vote_account_2
            .set_state(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(vote_state))
            .unwrap();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta {
                authorized: Authorized {
                    staker: stake_address,
                    withdrawer: stake_address,
                },
                ..Meta::default()
            }),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let mut clock = Clock {
            epoch: 1,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (vote_address_2, vote_account_2.clone()),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: vote_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should fail, unsigned stake account
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = true;

        // should pass
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        // verify that delegate() looks right, compare against hand-rolled
        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(),
            Stake {
                delegation: Delegation {
                    voter_pubkey: vote_address,
                    stake: stake_lamports,
                    activation_epoch: clock.epoch,
                    deactivation_epoch: std::u64::MAX,
                    ..Delegation::default()
                },
                credits_observed: vote_state_credits,
            }
        );

        // verify that delegate fails as stake is active and not deactivating
        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(StakeError::TooSoonToRedelegate.into()),
        );

        // deactivate
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );

        // verify that delegate to a different vote account fails
        // during deactivation
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = vote_address_2;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(StakeError::TooSoonToRedelegate.into()),
        );
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = vote_address;

        // verify that delegate succeeds to same vote account
        // when stake is deactivating
        let accounts_2 = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        // verify that deactivation has been cleared
        let stake = stake_from(&accounts_2[0]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch, std::u64::MAX);

        // verify that delegate to a different vote account fails
        // if stake is still active
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts_2[0].clone());
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = vote_address_2;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(StakeError::TooSoonToRedelegate.into()),
        );

        // without stake history, cool down is instantaneous
        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));

        // verify that delegate can be called to new vote account, 2nd is redelegate
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = vote_address;
        // verify that delegate() looks right, compare against hand-rolled
        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(),
            Stake {
                delegation: Delegation {
                    voter_pubkey: vote_address_2,
                    stake: stake_lamports,
                    activation_epoch: clock.epoch,
                    deactivation_epoch: std::u64::MAX,
                    ..Delegation::default()
                },
                credits_observed: vote_state_credits,
            }
        );

        // signed but faked vote account
        transaction_accounts[1] = (vote_address_2, vote_account_2);
        transaction_accounts[1]
            .1
            .set_owner(solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand());
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(solana_sdk::instruction::InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );

        // verify that non-stakes fail delegate()
        let stake_state = StakeStateV2::RewardsPool;
        stake_account.set_state(&stake_state).unwrap();
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(solana_sdk::instruction::InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_redelegate_consider_balance_changes(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let mut clock = Clock::default();
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let initial_lamports = 4242424242;
        let stake_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + initial_lamports;
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authority_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta {
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                ..Meta::auto(&authority_address)
            }),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (
                recipient_address,
                AccountSharedData::new(1, 0, &system_program::id()),
            ),
            (authority_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let delegate_instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: vote_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authority_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];
        let deactivate_instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authority_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            delegate_instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[2] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            deactivate_instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Once deactivated, we withdraw stake to new account
        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[2] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let withdraw_lamports = initial_lamports / 2;
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(withdraw_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: recipient_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authority_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        let expected_balance = rent_exempt_reserve + initial_lamports - withdraw_lamports;
        assert_eq!(accounts[0].lamports(), expected_balance);
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[2] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            delegate_instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap().delegation.stake,
            accounts[0].lamports() - rent_exempt_reserve,
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[2] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            deactivate_instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Out of band deposit
        transaction_accounts[0]
            .1
            .checked_add_lamports(withdraw_lamports)
            .unwrap();

        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[2] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            delegate_instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap().delegation.stake,
            accounts[0].lamports() - rent_exempt_reserve,
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation * 2;
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            0,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (split_to_address, split_to_account.clone()),
            (
                rent::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Rent {
                    lamports_per_byte_year: 0,
                    ..Rent::default()
                }),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
            ),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        let feature_set = Arc::new(feature_set);

        for state in [
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            just_stake(Meta::auto(&stake_address), stake_lamports),
        ] {
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                &state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[stake_account.clone(), split_to_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);

            // should fail, split more than available
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );

            // should pass
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            // no lamport leakage
            assert_eq!(
                accounts[0].lamports() + accounts[1].lamports(),
                stake_lamports
            );

            // no deactivated stake
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), from(&accounts[1]).unwrap());
            match state {
                StakeStateV2::Initialized(_meta) => {
                    assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), state);
                }
                StakeStateV2::Stake(_meta, _stake, _) => {
                    let stake_0 = from(&accounts[0]).unwrap().stake();
                    assert_eq!(stake_0.unwrap().delegation.stake, stake_lamports / 2);
                }
                _ => unreachable!(),
            }
        }

        // should fail, fake owner of destination
        let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            0,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        transaction_accounts[1] = (split_to_address, split_to_account);
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_withdraw_stake(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authority_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let custodian_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        vote_account
            .set_state(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()))
            .unwrap();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (recipient_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                authority_address,
                AccountSharedData::new(42, 0, &system_program::id()),
            ),
            (custodian_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                rent::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Rent::free()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: recipient_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should fail, no signer
        instruction_accounts[4].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
        instruction_accounts[4].is_signer = true;

        // should pass, signed keyed account and uninitialized
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(accounts[0].lamports(), 0);
        assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Uninitialized);

        // initialize stake
        let lockup = Lockup {
            unix_timestamp: 0,
            epoch: 0,
            custodian: custodian_address,
        };
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
                Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
                lockup,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rent::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // should fail, signed keyed account and locked up, more than available
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );

        // Stake some lamports (available lamports for withdrawals will reduce to zero)
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // simulate rewards
        transaction_accounts[0].1.checked_add_lamports(10).unwrap();

        // withdrawal before deactivate works for rewards amount
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(10)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // withdrawal of rewards fails if not in excess of stake
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(11)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );

        // deactivate the stake before withdrawal
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // simulate time passing
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: 100,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        transaction_accounts[5] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));

        // Try to withdraw more than what's available
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports + 11)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );

        // Try to withdraw all lamports
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports + 10)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(accounts[0].lamports(), 0);
        assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Uninitialized);

        // overflow
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            1_000_000_000,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta {
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                authorized: Authorized {
                    staker: authority_address,
                    withdrawer: authority_address,
                },
                lockup: Lockup::default(),
            }),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account.clone());
        transaction_accounts[2] = (recipient_address, stake_account);
        instruction_accounts[4].pubkey = authority_address;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(u64::MAX - 10)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );

        // should fail, invalid state
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::RewardsPool,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_withdraw_stake_before_warmup(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation;
        let total_lamports = stake_lamports + 33;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            total_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        vote_account
            .set_state(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()))
            .unwrap();
        let mut clock = Clock {
            epoch: 16,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (recipient_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: recipient_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // Stake some lamports (available lamports for withdrawals will reduce to zero)
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // Try to withdraw stake
        let stake_history = create_stake_history_from_delegations(
            None,
            0..clock.epoch,
            &[stake_from(&accounts[0]).unwrap().delegation],
            None,
        );
        transaction_accounts[4] = (
            stake_history::id(),
            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
        );
        clock.epoch = 0;
        transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(
                total_lamports - stake_lamports + 1,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_withdraw_lockup(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let custodian_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let total_lamports = 100;
        let mut meta = Meta {
            lockup: Lockup {
                unix_timestamp: 0,
                epoch: 1,
                custodian: custodian_address,
            },
            ..Meta::auto(&stake_address)
        };
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            total_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let mut clock = Clock::default();
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
            (recipient_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (custodian_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: recipient_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should fail, lockup is still in force
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(total_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(StakeError::LockupInForce.into()),
        );

        // should pass
        instruction_accounts.push(AccountMeta {
            pubkey: custodian_address,
            is_signer: true,
            is_writable: false,
        });
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(total_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Uninitialized);

        // should pass, custodian is the same as the withdraw authority
        instruction_accounts[5].pubkey = stake_address;
        meta.lockup.custodian = stake_address;
        let stake_account_self_as_custodian = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            total_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account_self_as_custodian);
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(total_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Uninitialized);
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, stake_account);

        // should pass, lockup has expired
        instruction_accounts.pop();
        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(total_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(from(&accounts[0]).unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Uninitialized);
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_withdraw_rent_exempt(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let custodian_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = 7 * minimum_delegation;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports + rent_exempt_reserve,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta {
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                ..Meta::auto(&stake_address)
            }),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (recipient_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (custodian_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: recipient_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should pass, withdrawing initialized account down to minimum balance
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // should fail, withdrawal that would leave less than rent-exempt reserve
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
        );

        // should pass, withdrawal of complete account
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(
                stake_lamports + rent_exempt_reserve,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_deactivate(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&stake_address)),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        vote_account
            .set_state(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()))
            .unwrap();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should fail, not signed
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = true;

        // should fail, not staked yet
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        // Staking
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // should pass
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // should fail, only works once
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(StakeError::AlreadyDeactivated.into()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_set_lockup(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let custodian_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = minimum_delegation;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        vote_account
            .set_state(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()))
            .unwrap();
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::SetLockup(LockupArgs {
            unix_timestamp: Some(1),
            epoch: Some(1),
            custodian: Some(custodian_address),
        }))
        .unwrap();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (custodian_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                rent::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Rent::free()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: custodian_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        // should fail, wrong state
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        // initialize stake
        let lockup = Lockup {
            unix_timestamp: 1,
            epoch: 1,
            custodian: custodian_address,
        };
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
                Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
                lockup,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rent::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // should fail, not signed
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = true;

        // should pass
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Staking
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: vote_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // should fail, not signed
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = true;

        // should pass
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Lockup in force
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::SetLockup(LockupArgs {
            unix_timestamp: Some(2),
            epoch: None,
            custodian: None,
        }))
        .unwrap();

        // should fail, authorized withdrawer cannot change it
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = true;
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = true;

        // should pass, custodian can change it
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Lockup expired
        let clock = Clock {
            unix_timestamp: UnixTimestamp::MAX,
            epoch: Epoch::MAX,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        transaction_accounts[4] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));

        // should fail, custodian cannot change it
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        // should pass, authorized withdrawer can change it
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = true;
        instruction_accounts[2].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // Change authorized withdrawer
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Authorize(
                authorized_address,
                StakeAuthorize::Withdrawer,
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: authorized_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        // should fail, previous authorized withdrawer cannot change the lockup anymore
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
    }

    /// Ensure that `initialize()` respects the minimum balance requirements
    /// - Assert 1: accounts with a balance equal-to the rent exemption initialize OK
    /// - Assert 2: accounts with a balance less-than the rent exemption do not initialize
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_initialize_minimum_balance(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
            Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            Lockup::default(),
        ))
        .unwrap();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: rent::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];
        for (lamports, expected_result) in [
            (rent_exempt_reserve, Ok(())),
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
        ] {
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new(lamports, StakeStateV2::size_of(), &id());
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &instruction_data,
                vec![
                    (stake_address, stake_account),
                    (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                ],
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                expected_result,
            );
        }
    }

    /// Ensure that `delegate()` respects the minimum delegation requirements
    /// - Assert 1: delegating an amount equal-to the minimum succeeds
    /// - Assert 2: delegating an amount less-than the minimum fails
    /// Also test both asserts above over both StakeStateV2::{Initialized and Stake}, since the logic
    /// is slightly different for the variants.
    ///
    /// NOTE: Even though new stake accounts must have a minimum balance that is at least
    /// the minimum delegation (plus rent exempt reserve), the old behavior allowed
    /// withdrawing below the minimum delegation, then re-delegating successfully (see
    /// `test_behavior_withdrawal_then_redelegate_with_less_than_minimum_stake_delegation()` for
    /// more information.)
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_delegate_minimum_stake_delegation(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::auto(&stake_address)
        };
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: vote_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];
        for (stake_delegation, expected_result) in &[
            (minimum_delegation, Ok(())),
            (
                minimum_delegation - 1,
                Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation),
            ),
        ] {
            for stake_state in &[
                StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
                just_stake(meta, *stake_delegation),
            ] {
                let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    stake_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve,
                    stake_state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();
                #[allow(deprecated)]
                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
                    vec![
                        (stake_address, stake_account),
                        (vote_address, vote_account.clone()),
                        (
                            clock::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            stake_history::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            stake_config::id(),
                            config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            epoch_schedule::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                        ),
                    ],
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    expected_result.clone().map_err(|e| e.into()),
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /// Ensure that `split()` respects the minimum delegation requirements.  This applies to
    /// both the source and destination acounts.  Thus, we have four permutations possible based on
    /// if each account's post-split delegation is equal-to (EQ) or less-than (LT) the minimum:
    ///
    ///  source | dest | result
    /// --------+------+--------
    ///  EQ     | EQ   | Ok
    ///  EQ     | LT   | Err
    ///  LT     | EQ   | Err
    ///  LT     | LT   | Err
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_minimum_stake_delegation(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let source_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let source_meta = Meta {
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::auto(&source_address)
        };
        let dest_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let dest_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: source_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: dest_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];
        for (source_delegation, split_amount, expected_result) in [
            (minimum_delegation * 2, minimum_delegation, Ok(())),
            (
                minimum_delegation * 2,
                minimum_delegation - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            (
                (minimum_delegation * 2) - 1,
                minimum_delegation,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            (
                (minimum_delegation - 1) * 2,
                minimum_delegation - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
        ] {
            let source_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                source_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve,
                &just_stake(source_meta, source_delegation),
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[source_account.clone(), dest_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(split_amount)).unwrap(),
                vec![
                    (source_address, source_account),
                    (dest_address, dest_account.clone()),
                    (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                    (
                        stake_history::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                    ),
                    (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                    (
                        epoch_schedule::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                    ),
                ],
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                expected_result.clone(),
            );
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );
        }
    }

    /// Ensure that splitting the full amount from an account respects the minimum delegation
    /// requirements.  This ensures that we are future-proofing/testing any raises to the minimum
    /// delegation.
    /// - Assert 1: splitting the full amount from an account that has at least the minimum
    ///             delegation is OK
    /// - Assert 2: splitting the full amount from an account that has less than the minimum
    ///             delegation is not OK
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_full_amount_minimum_stake_delegation(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let source_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let source_meta = Meta {
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::auto(&source_address)
        };
        let dest_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let dest_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            0,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: source_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: dest_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];
        for (reserve, expected_result) in [
            (rent_exempt_reserve, Ok(())),
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
        ] {
            for (stake_delegation, source_stake_state) in &[
                (0, StakeStateV2::Initialized(source_meta)),
                (
                    minimum_delegation,
                    just_stake(source_meta, minimum_delegation),
                ),
            ] {
                let source_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    stake_delegation + reserve,
                    source_stake_state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();
                let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                    &[source_account.clone(), dest_account.clone()],
                    &clock,
                    &stake_history,
                );
                let accounts = process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(source_account.lamports())).unwrap(),
                    vec![
                        (source_address, source_account),
                        (dest_address, dest_account.clone()),
                        (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                        (
                            stake_history::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                        ),
                        (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                        (
                            epoch_schedule::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                        ),
                    ],
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    expected_result.clone(),
                );
                assert_eq!(
                    expected_active_stake,
                    get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /// Ensure that `split()` correctly handles prefunded destination accounts from
    /// initialized stakes.  When a destination account already has funds, ensure
    /// the minimum split amount reduces accordingly.
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_initialized_split_destination_minimum_balance(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let source_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let destination_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: source_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: destination_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];
        for (destination_starting_balance, split_amount, expected_result) in [
            // split amount must be non zero
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                0,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // any split amount is OK when destination account is already fully funded
            (rent_exempt_reserve, 1, Ok(())),
            // if destination is only short by 1 lamport, then split amount can be 1 lamport
            (rent_exempt_reserve - 1, 1, Ok(())),
            // destination short by 2 lamports, then 1 isn't enough (non-zero split amount)
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve - 2,
                1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination has smallest non-zero balance, so can split the minimum balance
            // requirements minus what destination already has
            (1, rent_exempt_reserve - 1, Ok(())),
            // destination has smallest non-zero balance, but cannot split less than the minimum
            // balance requirements minus what destination already has
            (
                1,
                rent_exempt_reserve - 2,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination has zero lamports, so split must be at least rent exempt reserve
            (0, rent_exempt_reserve, Ok(())),
            // destination has zero lamports, but split amount is less than rent exempt reserve
            (
                0,
                rent_exempt_reserve - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
        ] {
            // Set the source's starting balance to something large to ensure its post-split
            // balance meets all the requirements
            let source_balance = u64::MAX;
            let source_meta = Meta {
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                ..Meta::auto(&source_address)
            };
            let source_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                source_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Initialized(source_meta),
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let destination_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                destination_starting_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();

            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(split_amount)).unwrap(),
                vec![
                    (source_address, source_account),
                    (destination_address, destination_account),
                    (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                ],
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                expected_result.clone(),
            );
        }
    }

    /// Ensure that `split()` correctly handles prefunded destination accounts from staked stakes.
    /// When a destination account already has funds, ensure the minimum split amount reduces
    /// accordingly.
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(), &[Ok(()), Ok(())]; "old_behavior")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(), &[ Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()), Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()) ] ; "new_behavior")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(), &[Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()), Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into())]; "all_enabled")]
    fn test_staked_split_destination_minimum_balance(
        feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>,
        expected_results: &[Result<(), InstructionError>],
    ) {
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let source_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let destination_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: source_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: destination_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];
        for (destination_starting_balance, split_amount, expected_result) in [
            // split amount must be non zero
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
                0,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination is fully funded:
            // - old behavior: any split amount is OK
            // - new behavior: split amount must be at least the minimum delegation
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
                1,
                expected_results[0].clone(),
            ),
            // if destination is only short by 1 lamport, then...
            // - old behavior: split amount can be 1 lamport
            // - new behavior: split amount must be at least the minimum delegation
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1,
                1,
                expected_results[1].clone(),
            ),
            // destination short by 2 lamports, so 1 isn't enough (non-zero split amount)
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 2,
                1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination is rent exempt, so split enough for minimum delegation
            (rent_exempt_reserve, minimum_delegation, Ok(())),
            // destination is rent exempt, but split amount less than minimum delegation
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                minimum_delegation.saturating_sub(1), // when minimum is 0, this blows up!
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination is not rent exempt, so any split amount fails, including enough for rent
            // and minimum delegation
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve - 1,
                minimum_delegation + 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination is not rent exempt, but split amount only for minimum delegation
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve - 1,
                minimum_delegation,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination is not rent exempt, so any split amount fails, including case where
            // destination has smallest non-zero balance
            (
                1,
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination has smallest non-zero balance, but cannot split less than the minimum
            // balance requirements minus what destination already has
            (
                1,
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 2,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination has zero lamports, so any split amount fails, including at least rent
            // exempt reserve plus minimum delegation
            (
                0,
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
            // destination has zero lamports, but split amount is less than rent exempt reserve
            // plus minimum delegation
            (
                0,
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
        ] {
            // Set the source's starting balance to something large to ensure its post-split
            // balance meets all the requirements
            let source_balance = u64::MAX;
            let source_meta = Meta {
                rent_exempt_reserve,
                ..Meta::auto(&source_address)
            };
            let source_stake_delegation = source_balance - rent_exempt_reserve;
            let source_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                source_balance,
                &just_stake(source_meta, source_stake_delegation),
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let destination_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                destination_starting_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[source_account.clone(), destination_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(split_amount)).unwrap(),
                vec![
                    (source_address, source_account.clone()),
                    (destination_address, destination_account),
                    (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                    (
                        stake_history::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                    ),
                    (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                    (
                        epoch_schedule::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                    ),
                ],
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                expected_result.clone(),
            );
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );
            // For the expected OK cases, when the source's StakeStateV2 is Stake, then the
            // destination's StakeStateV2 *must* also end up as Stake as well.  Additionally,
            // check to ensure the destination's delegation amount is correct.  If the
            // destination is already rent exempt, then the destination's stake delegation
            // *must* equal the split amount. Otherwise, the split amount must first be used to
            // make the destination rent exempt, and then the leftover lamports are delegated.
            if expected_result.is_ok() {
                assert_matches!(accounts[0].state().unwrap(), StakeStateV2::Stake(_, _, _));
                if let StakeStateV2::Stake(_, destination_stake, _) = accounts[1].state().unwrap() {
                    let destination_initial_rent_deficit =
                        rent_exempt_reserve.saturating_sub(destination_starting_balance);
                    let expected_destination_stake_delegation =
                        split_amount - destination_initial_rent_deficit;
                    assert_eq!(
                        expected_destination_stake_delegation,
                        destination_stake.delegation.stake
                    );
                    assert!(destination_stake.delegation.stake >= minimum_delegation,);
                } else {
                    panic!("destination state must be StakeStake::Stake after successful split when source is also StakeStateV2::Stake!");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Ensure that `withdraw()` respects the minimum delegation requirements
    /// - Assert 1: withdrawing so remaining stake is equal-to the minimum is OK
    /// - Assert 2: withdrawing so remaining stake is less-than the minimum is not OK
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_withdraw_minimum_stake_delegation(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::auto(&stake_address)
        };
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: recipient_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];
        let starting_stake_delegation = minimum_delegation;
        for (ending_stake_delegation, expected_result) in [
            (minimum_delegation, Ok(())),
            (
                minimum_delegation - 1,
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            ),
        ] {
            for (stake_delegation, stake_state) in &[
                (0, StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta)),
                (minimum_delegation, just_stake(meta, minimum_delegation)),
            ] {
                let rewards_balance = 123;
                let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    stake_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve + rewards_balance,
                    stake_state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();
                let withdraw_amount =
                    (starting_stake_delegation + rewards_balance) - ending_stake_delegation;
                #[allow(deprecated)]
                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(withdraw_amount)).unwrap(),
                    vec![
                        (stake_address, stake_account),
                        (
                            recipient_address,
                            AccountSharedData::new(rent_exempt_reserve, 0, &system_program::id()),
                        ),
                        (
                            clock::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            rent::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Rent::free()),
                        ),
                        (
                            stake_history::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            stake_config::id(),
                            config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            epoch_schedule::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                        ),
                    ],
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    expected_result.clone(),
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /// The stake program's old behavior allowed delegations below the minimum stake delegation
    /// (see also `test_delegate_minimum_stake_delegation()`).  This was not the desired behavior,
    /// and has been fixed in the new behavior.  This test ensures the behavior is not changed
    /// inadvertently.
    ///
    /// This test:
    /// 1. Initialises a stake account (with sufficient balance for both rent and minimum delegation)
    /// 2. Delegates the minimum amount
    /// 3. Deactives the delegation
    /// 4. Withdraws from the account such that the ending balance is *below* rent + minimum delegation
    /// 5. Re-delegates, now with less than the minimum delegation, but it still succeeds
    #[test]
    fn test_behavior_withdrawal_then_redelegate_with_less_than_minimum_stake_delegation() {
        let feature_set = feature_set_all_enabled();
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new(
            rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        );
        let vote_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let vote_account =
            vote_state::create_account(&vote_address, &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
        let recipient_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut clock = Clock::default();
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (vote_address, vote_account),
            (
                recipient_address,
                AccountSharedData::new(rent_exempt_reserve, 0, &system_program::id()),
            ),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_config::id(),
                config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
            (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
        ];
        #[allow(deprecated)]
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: vote_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Initialize(
                Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
                Lockup::default(),
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: rent::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());
        transaction_accounts[1] = (vote_address, accounts[1].clone());

        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Deactivate).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        clock.epoch += 1;
        transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
        let withdraw_amount =
            accounts[0].lamports() - (rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1);
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Withdraw(withdraw_amount)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            vec![
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: recipient_address,
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: true,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: clock::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                    is_signer: false,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
                AccountMeta {
                    pubkey: stake_address,
                    is_signer: true,
                    is_writable: false,
                },
            ],
            Ok(()),
        );
        transaction_accounts[0] = (stake_address, accounts[0].clone());

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_source_uninitialized(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = (rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation) * 2;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            0,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (split_to_address, split_to_account),
        ];
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        // splitting an uninitialized account where the destination is the same as the source
        {
            // splitting should work when...
            // - when split amount is the full balance
            // - when split amount is zero
            // - when split amount is non-zero and less than the full balance
            //
            // and splitting should fail when the split amount is greater than the balance
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(0)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );
        }

        // this should work
        instruction_accounts[1].pubkey = split_to_address;
        let accounts = process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );
        assert_eq!(accounts[0].lamports(), accounts[1].lamports());

        // no signers should fail
        instruction_accounts[0].is_signer = false;
        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_split_not_uninitialized(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &just_stake(Meta::auto(&stake_address), stake_lamports),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        for split_to_state in &[
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::default()),
            StakeStateV2::Stake(Meta::default(), Stake::default(), StakeFlags::default()),
            StakeStateV2::RewardsPool,
        ] {
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                0,
                split_to_state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                vec![
                    (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                    (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                ],
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
            );
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_more_than_staked(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = (rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation) * 2;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &just_stake(
                Meta {
                    rent_exempt_reserve,
                    ..Meta::auto(&stake_address)
                },
                stake_lamports / 2 - 1,
            ),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (split_to_address, split_to_account),
            (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
            ),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock {
                    epoch: current_epoch,
                    ..Clock::default()
                }),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_with_rent(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            0,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };

        // test splitting both an Initialized stake and a Staked stake
        for (minimum_balance, state) in &[
            (rent_exempt_reserve, StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta)),
            (
                rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
                just_stake(meta, minimum_delegation * 2 + rent_exempt_reserve),
            ),
        ] {
            let stake_lamports = minimum_balance * 2;
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[stake_account.clone(), split_to_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account.clone()),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ];

            // not enough to make a non-zero stake account
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(minimum_balance - 1)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );

            // doesn't leave enough for initial stake to be non-zero
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(
                    stake_lamports - minimum_balance + 1,
                ))
                .unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );

            // split account already has enough lamports
            transaction_accounts[1].1.set_lamports(*minimum_balance);
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports - minimum_balance)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            // verify no stake leakage in the case of a stake
            if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) = state {
                assert_eq!(
                    accounts[1].state(),
                    Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        *meta,
                        Stake {
                            delegation: Delegation {
                                stake: stake_lamports - minimum_balance,
                                ..stake.delegation
                            },
                            ..*stake
                        },
                        *stake_flags,
                    ))
                );
                assert_eq!(accounts[0].lamports(), *minimum_balance,);
                assert_eq!(accounts[1].lamports(), stake_lamports,);
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_to_account_with_rent_exempt_reserve(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = (rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation) * 2;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let state = just_stake(meta, stake_lamports - rent_exempt_reserve);
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &state,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        let transaction_accounts = |initial_balance: u64| -> Vec<(Pubkey, AccountSharedData)> {
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                initial_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ]
        };

        // Test insufficient account prefunding, including empty and less than rent_exempt_reserve.
        // The empty case is not covered in test_split, since that test uses a Meta with
        // rent_exempt_reserve = 0
        let split_lamport_balances = vec![0, rent_exempt_reserve - 1];
        for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
            let transaction_accounts = transaction_accounts(initial_balance);
            // split more than available fails
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );
            // split to insufficiently funded dest fails
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );
        }

        // Test various account prefunding, including exactly rent_exempt_reserve, and more than
        // rent_exempt_reserve
        let split_lamport_balances = vec![
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1,
            rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
        ];
        for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
            let transaction_accounts = transaction_accounts(initial_balance);
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[
                    transaction_accounts[0].1.clone(),
                    transaction_accounts[1].1.clone(),
                ],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );

            // split more than available fails
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );

            // should work
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            // no lamport leakage
            assert_eq!(
                accounts[0].lamports() + accounts[1].lamports(),
                stake_lamports + initial_balance,
            );
            // no deactivated stake
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) = state {
                let expected_stake =
                    stake_lamports / 2 - (rent_exempt_reserve.saturating_sub(initial_balance));
                assert_eq!(
                    Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        meta,
                        Stake {
                            delegation: Delegation {
                                stake: stake_lamports / 2
                                    - (rent_exempt_reserve.saturating_sub(initial_balance)),
                                ..stake.delegation
                            },
                            ..stake
                        },
                        stake_flags
                    )),
                    accounts[1].state(),
                );
                assert_eq!(
                    accounts[1].lamports(),
                    expected_stake
                        + rent_exempt_reserve
                        + initial_balance.saturating_sub(rent_exempt_reserve),
                );
                assert_eq!(
                    Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        meta,
                        Stake {
                            delegation: Delegation {
                                stake: stake_lamports / 2 - rent_exempt_reserve,
                                ..stake.delegation
                            },
                            ..stake
                        },
                        stake_flags,
                    )),
                    accounts[0].state(),
                );
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_from_larger_sized_account(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let source_larger_rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of() + 100);
        let split_rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = (source_larger_rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation) * 2;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve: source_larger_rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let state = just_stake(meta, stake_lamports - source_larger_rent_exempt_reserve);
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &state,
            StakeStateV2::size_of() + 100,
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        let transaction_accounts = |initial_balance: u64| -> Vec<(Pubkey, AccountSharedData)> {
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                initial_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ]
        };

        // Test insufficient account prefunding, including empty and less than rent_exempt_reserve
        let split_lamport_balances = vec![0, split_rent_exempt_reserve - 1];
        for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts(initial_balance),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );
        }

        // Test various account prefunding, including exactly rent_exempt_reserve, and more than
        // rent_exempt_reserve. The empty case is not covered in test_split, since that test uses a
        // Meta with rent_exempt_reserve = 0
        let split_lamport_balances = vec![
            split_rent_exempt_reserve,
            split_rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1,
            split_rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
        ];
        for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
            let transaction_accounts = transaction_accounts(initial_balance);
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[
                    transaction_accounts[0].1.clone(),
                    transaction_accounts[1].1.clone(),
                ],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );

            // split more than available fails
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports + 1)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds),
            );

            // should work
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports / 2)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            // no lamport leakage
            assert_eq!(
                accounts[0].lamports() + accounts[1].lamports(),
                stake_lamports + initial_balance
            );
            // no deactivated stake
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) = state {
                let expected_split_meta = Meta {
                    authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
                    rent_exempt_reserve: split_rent_exempt_reserve,
                    ..Meta::default()
                };
                let expected_stake = stake_lamports / 2
                    - (split_rent_exempt_reserve.saturating_sub(initial_balance));

                assert_eq!(
                    Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        expected_split_meta,
                        Stake {
                            delegation: Delegation {
                                stake: expected_stake,
                                ..stake.delegation
                            },
                            ..stake
                        },
                        stake_flags,
                    )),
                    accounts[1].state()
                );
                assert_eq!(
                    accounts[1].lamports(),
                    expected_stake
                        + split_rent_exempt_reserve
                        + initial_balance.saturating_sub(split_rent_exempt_reserve)
                );
                assert_eq!(
                    Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        meta,
                        Stake {
                            delegation: Delegation {
                                stake: stake_lamports / 2 - source_larger_rent_exempt_reserve,
                                ..stake.delegation
                            },
                            ..stake
                        },
                        stake_flags,
                    )),
                    accounts[0].state()
                );
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_from_smaller_sized_account(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let source_smaller_rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let split_rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of() + 100);
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let stake_lamports = split_rent_exempt_reserve + 1;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve: source_smaller_rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let state = just_stake(meta, stake_lamports - source_smaller_rent_exempt_reserve);
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &state,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        let split_amount = stake_lamports - (source_smaller_rent_exempt_reserve + 1); // Enough so that split stake is > 0
        let split_lamport_balances = vec![
            0,
            1,
            split_rent_exempt_reserve,
            split_rent_exempt_reserve + 1,
        ];
        for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                initial_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of() + 100,
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let transaction_accounts = vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (
                    clock::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock {
                        epoch: current_epoch,
                        ..Clock::default()
                    }),
                ),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ];

            // should always return error when splitting to larger account
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(split_amount)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
            );

            // Splitting 100% of source should not make a difference
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
            );
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_100_percent_of_source(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            0,
            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        // test splitting both an Initialized stake and a Staked stake
        for state in &[
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
            just_stake(meta, stake_lamports - rent_exempt_reserve),
        ] {
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                &state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[stake_account.clone(), split_to_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            let transaction_accounts = vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account.clone()),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ];

            // split 100% over to dest
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );

            // no lamport leakage
            assert_eq!(
                accounts[0].lamports() + accounts[1].lamports(),
                stake_lamports
            );
            // no deactivated stake
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            match state {
                StakeStateV2::Initialized(_) => {
                    assert_eq!(Ok(*state), accounts[1].state());
                    assert_eq!(Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized), accounts[0].state());
                }
                StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) => {
                    assert_eq!(
                        Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                            *meta,
                            Stake {
                                delegation: Delegation {
                                    stake: stake_lamports - rent_exempt_reserve,
                                    ..stake.delegation
                                },
                                ..*stake
                            },
                            *stake_flags
                        )),
                        accounts[1].state()
                    );
                    assert_eq!(Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized), accounts[0].state());
                }
                _ => unreachable!(),
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_100_percent_of_source_to_account_with_lamports(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let state = just_stake(meta, stake_lamports - rent_exempt_reserve);
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &state,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        // Test various account prefunding, including empty, less than rent_exempt_reserve, exactly
        // rent_exempt_reserve, and more than rent_exempt_reserve. Technically, the empty case is
        // covered in test_split_100_percent_of_source, but included here as well for readability
        let split_lamport_balances = vec![
            0,
            rent_exempt_reserve - 1,
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation - 1,
            rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation,
        ];
        for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                initial_balance,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[stake_account.clone(), split_to_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            let transaction_accounts = vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ];

            // split 100% over to dest
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );

            // no lamport leakage
            assert_eq!(
                accounts[0].lamports() + accounts[1].lamports(),
                stake_lamports + initial_balance
            );
            // no deactivated stake
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) = state {
                assert_eq!(
                    Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        meta,
                        Stake {
                            delegation: Delegation {
                                stake: stake_lamports - rent_exempt_reserve,
                                ..stake.delegation
                            },
                            ..stake
                        },
                        stake_flags,
                    )),
                    accounts[1].state()
                );
                assert_eq!(Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized), accounts[0].state());
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_rent_exemptness(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let source_rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of() + 100);
        let split_rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let stake_lamports = source_rent_exempt_reserve + minimum_delegation;
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve: source_rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let split_to_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: split_to_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        for state in &[
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
            just_stake(meta, stake_lamports - source_rent_exempt_reserve),
        ] {
            // Test that splitting to a larger account fails
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                &state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                0,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of() + 10000,
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let transaction_accounts = vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ];
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
            );

            // Test that splitting from a larger account to a smaller one works.
            // Split amount should not matter, assuming other fund criteria are met
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                &state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of() + 100,
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let split_to_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                0,
                &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                &[stake_account.clone(), split_to_account.clone()],
                &clock,
                &stake_history,
            );
            let transaction_accounts = vec![
                (stake_address, stake_account),
                (split_to_address, split_to_account),
                (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                (
                    stake_history::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                ),
                (
                    clock::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock {
                        epoch: current_epoch,
                        ..Clock::default()
                    }),
                ),
                (
                    epoch_schedule::id(),
                    create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                ),
            ];
            let accounts = process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(stake_lamports)).unwrap(),
                transaction_accounts,
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Ok(()),
            );
            assert_eq!(accounts[1].lamports(), stake_lamports);
            assert_eq!(
                expected_active_stake,
                get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
            );

            let expected_split_meta = Meta {
                authorized: Authorized::auto(&stake_address),
                rent_exempt_reserve: split_rent_exempt_reserve,
                ..Meta::default()
            };
            match state {
                StakeStateV2::Initialized(_) => {
                    assert_eq!(
                        Ok(StakeStateV2::Initialized(expected_split_meta)),
                        accounts[1].state()
                    );
                    assert_eq!(Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized), accounts[0].state());
                }
                StakeStateV2::Stake(_meta, stake, stake_flags) => {
                    // Expected stake should reflect original stake amount so that extra lamports
                    // from the rent_exempt_reserve inequality do not magically activate
                    let expected_stake = stake_lamports - source_rent_exempt_reserve;

                    assert_eq!(
                        Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                            expected_split_meta,
                            Stake {
                                delegation: Delegation {
                                    stake: expected_stake,
                                    ..stake.delegation
                                },
                                ..*stake
                            },
                            *stake_flags,
                        )),
                        accounts[1].state()
                    );
                    assert_eq!(
                        accounts[1].lamports(),
                        expected_stake + source_rent_exempt_reserve,
                    );
                    assert_eq!(Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized), accounts[0].state());
                }
                _ => unreachable!(),
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_without_require_rent_exempt_split_destination(), Ok(()); "without_require_rent_exempt_split_destination")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(), Err(InstructionError::InsufficientFunds); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_split_require_rent_exempt_destination(
        feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>,
        expected_result: Result<(), InstructionError>,
    ) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;
        let clock = Clock {
            epoch: current_epoch,
            ..Clock::default()
        };
        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let delegation_amount = 3 * minimum_delegation;
        let source_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + delegation_amount;
        let source_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let destination_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let meta = Meta {
            authorized: Authorized::auto(&source_address),
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::default()
        };
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: source_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: destination_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
        ];

        for (split_amount, expected_result) in [
            (2 * minimum_delegation, expected_result),
            (source_lamports, Ok(())),
        ] {
            for (state, expected_result) in &[
                (StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta), Ok(())),
                (just_stake(meta, delegation_amount), expected_result),
            ] {
                let source_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    source_lamports,
                    &state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();

                let transaction_accounts =
                    |initial_balance: u64| -> Vec<(Pubkey, AccountSharedData)> {
                        let destination_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                            initial_balance,
                            &StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
                            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                            &id(),
                        )
                        .unwrap();
                        vec![
                            (source_address, source_account.clone()),
                            (destination_address, destination_account),
                            (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                            (
                                stake_history::id(),
                                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                            ),
                            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
                            (
                                epoch_schedule::id(),
                                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                            ),
                        ]
                    };

                // Test insufficient recipient prefunding; should error once feature is activated
                let split_lamport_balances = vec![0, rent_exempt_reserve - 1];
                for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
                    let transaction_accounts = transaction_accounts(initial_balance);
                    let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                        &[source_account.clone(), transaction_accounts[1].1.clone()],
                        &clock,
                        &stake_history,
                    );
                    let result_accounts = process_instruction(
                        Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                        &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(split_amount)).unwrap(),
                        transaction_accounts.clone(),
                        instruction_accounts.clone(),
                        expected_result.clone(),
                    );
                    let result_active_stake =
                        get_active_stake_for_tests(&result_accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history);
                    if expected_active_stake > 0 // starting stake was delegated
                        // partial split
                        && result_accounts[0].lamports() > 0
                        // successful split to deficient recipient
                        && expected_result.is_ok()
                    {
                        assert_ne!(expected_active_stake, result_active_stake);
                    } else {
                        assert_eq!(expected_active_stake, result_active_stake);
                    }
                }

                // Test recipient prefunding, including exactly rent_exempt_reserve, and more than
                // rent_exempt_reserve.
                let split_lamport_balances = vec![rent_exempt_reserve, rent_exempt_reserve + 1];
                for initial_balance in split_lamport_balances {
                    let transaction_accounts = transaction_accounts(initial_balance);
                    let expected_active_stake = get_active_stake_for_tests(
                        &[source_account.clone(), transaction_accounts[1].1.clone()],
                        &clock,
                        &stake_history,
                    );
                    let accounts = process_instruction(
                        Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                        &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Split(split_amount)).unwrap(),
                        transaction_accounts,
                        instruction_accounts.clone(),
                        Ok(()),
                    );

                    // no lamport leakage
                    assert_eq!(
                        accounts[0].lamports() + accounts[1].lamports(),
                        source_lamports + initial_balance
                    );

                    // no deactivated stake
                    assert_eq!(
                        expected_active_stake,
                        get_active_stake_for_tests(&accounts[0..2], &clock, &stake_history)
                    );

                    if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) = state {
                        // split entire source account, including rent-exempt reserve
                        if accounts[0].lamports() == 0 {
                            assert_eq!(Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized), accounts[0].state());
                            assert_eq!(
                                Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                                    *meta,
                                    Stake {
                                        delegation: Delegation {
                                            // delegated amount should not include source
                                            // rent-exempt reserve
                                            stake: delegation_amount,
                                            ..stake.delegation
                                        },
                                        ..*stake
                                    },
                                    *stake_flags,
                                )),
                                accounts[1].state()
                            );
                        } else {
                            assert_eq!(
                                Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                                    *meta,
                                    Stake {
                                        delegation: Delegation {
                                            stake: minimum_delegation,
                                            ..stake.delegation
                                        },
                                        ..*stake
                                    },
                                    *stake_flags,
                                )),
                                accounts[0].state()
                            );
                            assert_eq!(
                                Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                                    *meta,
                                    Stake {
                                        delegation: Delegation {
                                            stake: split_amount,
                                            ..stake.delegation
                                        },
                                        ..*stake
                                    },
                                    *stake_flags,
                                )),
                                accounts[1].state()
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_merge(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let merge_from_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let meta = Meta::auto(&authorized_address);
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: merge_from_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authorized_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        for state in &[
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
            just_stake(meta, stake_lamports),
        ] {
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            for merge_from_state in &[
                StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta),
                just_stake(meta, stake_lamports),
            ] {
                let merge_from_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    stake_lamports,
                    merge_from_state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();
                let transaction_accounts = vec![
                    (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                    (merge_from_address, merge_from_account),
                    (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
                    (
                        clock::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        stake_history::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        epoch_schedule::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                    ),
                ];

                // Authorized staker signature required...
                instruction_accounts[4].is_signer = false;
                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
                    transaction_accounts.clone(),
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
                );
                instruction_accounts[4].is_signer = true;

                let accounts = process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
                    transaction_accounts,
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    Ok(()),
                );

                // check lamports
                assert_eq!(accounts[0].lamports(), stake_lamports * 2);
                assert_eq!(accounts[1].lamports(), 0);

                // check state
                match state {
                    StakeStateV2::Initialized(meta) => {
                        assert_eq!(accounts[0].state(), Ok(StakeStateV2::Initialized(*meta)),);
                    }
                    StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags) => {
                        let expected_stake = stake.delegation.stake
                            + merge_from_state
                                .stake()
                                .map(|stake| stake.delegation.stake)
                                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                                    stake_lamports
                                        - merge_from_state.meta().unwrap().rent_exempt_reserve
                                });
                        assert_eq!(
                            accounts[0].state(),
                            Ok(StakeStateV2::Stake(
                                *meta,
                                Stake {
                                    delegation: Delegation {
                                        stake: expected_stake,
                                        ..stake.delegation
                                    },
                                    ..*stake
                                },
                                *stake_flags,
                            )),
                        );
                    }
                    _ => unreachable!(),
                }
                assert_eq!(accounts[1].state(), Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized));
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_merge_self_fails(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_amount = 4242424242;
        let stake_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + stake_amount;
        let meta = Meta {
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::auto(&authorized_address)
        };
        let stake = Stake {
            delegation: Delegation {
                stake: stake_amount,
                activation_epoch: 0,
                ..Delegation::default()
            },
            ..Stake::default()
        };
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, StakeFlags::empty()),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authorized_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidArgument),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_merge_incorrect_authorized_staker(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let merge_from_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let wrong_authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let mut instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: merge_from_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authorized_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        for state in &[
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&authorized_address)),
            just_stake(Meta::auto(&authorized_address), stake_lamports),
        ] {
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            for merge_from_state in &[
                StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&wrong_authorized_address)),
                just_stake(Meta::auto(&wrong_authorized_address), stake_lamports),
            ] {
                let merge_from_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    stake_lamports,
                    merge_from_state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();
                let transaction_accounts = vec![
                    (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                    (merge_from_address, merge_from_account),
                    (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
                    (wrong_authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
                    (
                        clock::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        stake_history::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        epoch_schedule::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                    ),
                ];

                instruction_accounts[4].pubkey = wrong_authorized_address;
                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
                    transaction_accounts.clone(),
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
                );
                instruction_accounts[4].pubkey = authorized_address;

                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
                    transaction_accounts,
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    Err(StakeError::MergeMismatch.into()),
                );
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_merge_invalid_account_data(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let merge_from_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: merge_from_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authorized_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        for state in &[
            StakeStateV2::Uninitialized,
            StakeStateV2::RewardsPool,
            StakeStateV2::Initialized(Meta::auto(&authorized_address)),
            just_stake(Meta::auto(&authorized_address), stake_lamports),
        ] {
            let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                stake_lamports,
                state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            for merge_from_state in &[StakeStateV2::Uninitialized, StakeStateV2::RewardsPool] {
                let merge_from_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                    stake_lamports,
                    merge_from_state,
                    StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                    &id(),
                )
                .unwrap();
                let transaction_accounts = vec![
                    (stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                    (merge_from_address, merge_from_account),
                    (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
                    (
                        clock::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        stake_history::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        epoch_schedule::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                    ),
                ];

                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
                    transaction_accounts,
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
                );
            }
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_merge_fake_stake_source(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let merge_from_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let stake_lamports = 42;
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &just_stake(Meta::auto(&authorized_address), stake_lamports),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let merge_from_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &just_stake(Meta::auto(&authorized_address), stake_lamports),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (merge_from_address, merge_from_account),
            (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (
                clock::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock::default()),
            ),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: merge_from_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authorized_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        process_instruction(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_merge_active_stake(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let merge_from_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let authorized_address = solana_sdk::pubkey::new_rand();
        let base_lamports = 4242424242;
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_amount = base_lamports;
        let stake_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + stake_amount;
        let merge_from_amount = base_lamports;
        let merge_from_lamports = rent_exempt_reserve + merge_from_amount;
        let meta = Meta {
            rent_exempt_reserve,
            ..Meta::auto(&authorized_address)
        };
        let mut stake = Stake {
            delegation: Delegation {
                stake: stake_amount,
                activation_epoch: 0,
                ..Delegation::default()
            },
            ..Stake::default()
        };
        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            stake_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, StakeFlags::empty()),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let merge_from_activation_epoch = 2;
        let mut merge_from_stake = Stake {
            delegation: Delegation {
                stake: merge_from_amount,
                activation_epoch: merge_from_activation_epoch,
                ..stake.delegation
            },
            ..stake
        };
        let merge_from_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            merge_from_lamports,
            &StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, merge_from_stake, StakeFlags::empty()),
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();
        let mut clock = Clock::default();
        let mut stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let mut effective = base_lamports;
        let mut activating = stake_amount;
        let mut deactivating = 0;
        stake_history.add(
            clock.epoch,
            StakeHistoryEntry {
                effective,
                activating,
                deactivating,
            },
        );
        let mut transaction_accounts = vec![
            (stake_address, stake_account),
            (merge_from_address, merge_from_account),
            (authorized_address, AccountSharedData::default()),
            (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock)),
            (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
            ),
            (
                epoch_schedule::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
            ),
        ];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: merge_from_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: clock::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: authorized_address,
                is_signer: true,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];

        fn try_merge(
            feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>,
            transaction_accounts: Vec<(Pubkey, AccountSharedData)>,
            mut instruction_accounts: Vec<AccountMeta>,
            expected_result: Result<(), InstructionError>,
        ) {
            for iteration in 0..2 {
                if iteration == 1 {
                    instruction_accounts.swap(0, 1);
                }
                let accounts = process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Merge).unwrap(),
                    transaction_accounts.clone(),
                    instruction_accounts.clone(),
                    expected_result.clone(),
                );
                if expected_result.is_ok() {
                    assert_eq!(
                        accounts[1 - iteration].state(),
                        Ok(StakeStateV2::Uninitialized)
                    );
                }
            }
        }

        // stake activation epoch, source initialized succeeds
        try_merge(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        let new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch =
            feature_set.new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch(&EpochSchedule::default());

        // both activating fails
        loop {
            clock.epoch += 1;
            if clock.epoch == merge_from_activation_epoch {
                activating += merge_from_amount;
            }
            let delta = activating.min(
                (effective as f64
                    * warmup_cooldown_rate(clock.epoch, new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch))
                    as u64,
            );
            effective += delta;
            activating -= delta;
            stake_history.add(
                clock.epoch,
                StakeHistoryEntry {
                    effective,
                    activating,
                    deactivating,
                },
            );
            transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
            transaction_accounts[4] = (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
            );
            if stake_amount
                == stake.stake(clock.epoch, &stake_history, new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch)
                && merge_from_amount
                    == merge_from_stake.stake(
                        clock.epoch,
                        &stake_history,
                        new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch,
                    )
            {
                break;
            }
            try_merge(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::from(StakeError::MergeTransientStake)),
            );
        }

        // Both fully activated works
        try_merge(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            transaction_accounts.clone(),
            instruction_accounts.clone(),
            Ok(()),
        );

        // deactivate setup for deactivation
        let merge_from_deactivation_epoch = clock.epoch + 1;
        let stake_deactivation_epoch = clock.epoch + 2;

        // active/deactivating and deactivating/inactive mismatches fail
        loop {
            clock.epoch += 1;
            let delta = deactivating.min(
                (effective as f64
                    * warmup_cooldown_rate(clock.epoch, new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch))
                    as u64,
            );
            effective -= delta;
            deactivating -= delta;
            if clock.epoch == stake_deactivation_epoch {
                deactivating += stake_amount;
                stake = Stake {
                    delegation: Delegation {
                        deactivation_epoch: stake_deactivation_epoch,
                        ..stake.delegation
                    },
                    ..stake
                };
                transaction_accounts[0]
                    .1
                    .set_state(&StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, StakeFlags::empty()))
                    .unwrap();
            }
            if clock.epoch == merge_from_deactivation_epoch {
                deactivating += merge_from_amount;
                merge_from_stake = Stake {
                    delegation: Delegation {
                        deactivation_epoch: merge_from_deactivation_epoch,
                        ..merge_from_stake.delegation
                    },
                    ..merge_from_stake
                };
                transaction_accounts[1]
                    .1
                    .set_state(&StakeStateV2::Stake(
                        meta,
                        merge_from_stake,
                        StakeFlags::empty(),
                    ))
                    .unwrap();
            }
            stake_history.add(
                clock.epoch,
                StakeHistoryEntry {
                    effective,
                    activating,
                    deactivating,
                },
            );
            transaction_accounts[3] = (clock::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&clock));
            transaction_accounts[4] = (
                stake_history::id(),
                create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
            );
            if 0 == stake.stake(clock.epoch, &stake_history, new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch)
                && 0 == merge_from_stake.stake(
                    clock.epoch,
                    &stake_history,
                    new_warmup_cooldown_rate_epoch,
                )
            {
                break;
            }
            try_merge(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                Err(InstructionError::from(StakeError::MergeTransientStake)),
            );
        }

        // Both fully deactivated works
        try_merge(
            Arc::clone(&feature_set),
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_get_minimum_delegation(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let stake_account = create_default_stake_account();
        let instruction_data = serialize(&StakeInstruction::GetMinimumDelegation).unwrap();
        let transaction_accounts = vec![(stake_address, stake_account)];
        let instruction_accounts = vec![AccountMeta {
            pubkey: stake_address,
            is_signer: false,
            is_writable: true,
        }];

        mock_process_instruction(
            &id(),
            Vec::new(),
            &instruction_data,
            transaction_accounts,
            instruction_accounts,
            Ok(()),
            Entrypoint::vm,
            |invoke_context| {
                invoke_context.feature_set = Arc::clone(&feature_set);
            },
            |invoke_context| {
                let expected_minimum_delegation =
                    crate::get_minimum_delegation(&invoke_context.feature_set).to_le_bytes();
                let actual_minimum_delegation =
                    invoke_context.transaction_context.get_return_data().1;
                assert_eq!(expected_minimum_delegation, actual_minimum_delegation);
            },
        );
    }

    // Ensure that the correct errors are returned when processing instructions
    //
    // The GetMinimumDelegation instruction does not take any accounts; so when it was added,
    // `process_instruction()` needed to be updated to *not* need a stake account passed in, which
    // changes the error *ordering* conditions.
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_stake_process_instruction_error_ordering(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_address = rent::id();
        let rent_account = create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent);

        let good_stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let good_stake_account = AccountSharedData::new(u64::MAX, StakeStateV2::size_of(), &id());
        let good_instruction = instruction::initialize(
            &good_stake_address,
            &Authorized::auto(&good_stake_address),
            &Lockup::default(),
        );
        let good_transaction_accounts = vec![
            (good_stake_address, good_stake_account),
            (rent_address, rent_account),
        ];
        let good_instruction_accounts = vec![
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: good_stake_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: true,
            },
            AccountMeta {
                pubkey: rent_address,
                is_signer: false,
                is_writable: false,
            },
        ];
        let good_accounts = (good_transaction_accounts, good_instruction_accounts);

        // The instruction data needs to deserialize to a bogus StakeInstruction.  We likely never
        // will have `usize::MAX`-number of instructions, so this should be a safe constant to
        // always map to an invalid stake instruction.
        let bad_instruction = Instruction::new_with_bincode(id(), &usize::MAX, Vec::default());
        let bad_transaction_accounts = Vec::default();
        let bad_instruction_accounts = Vec::default();
        let bad_accounts = (bad_transaction_accounts, bad_instruction_accounts);

        for (instruction, (transaction_accounts, instruction_accounts), expected_result) in [
            (&good_instruction, &good_accounts, Ok(())),
            (
                &bad_instruction,
                &good_accounts,
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidInstructionData),
            ),
            (
                &good_instruction,
                &bad_accounts,
                Err(InstructionError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
            ),
            (
                &bad_instruction,
                &bad_accounts,
                Err(InstructionError::InvalidInstructionData),
            ),
        ] {
            process_instruction(
                feature_set.clone(),
                &instruction.data,
                transaction_accounts.clone(),
                instruction_accounts.clone(),
                expected_result,
            );
        }
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_deactivate_delinquent(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let reference_vote_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let vote_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();

        let initial_stake_state = StakeStateV2::Stake(
            Meta::default(),
            new_stake(
                1, /* stake */
                &vote_address,
                &VoteState::default(),
                1, /* activation_epoch */
            ),
            StakeFlags::empty(),
        );

        let stake_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            1, /* lamports */
            &initial_stake_state,
            StakeStateV2::size_of(),
            &id(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        let mut vote_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            1, /* lamports */
            &VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()),
            VoteState::size_of(),
            &solana_vote_program::id(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        let mut reference_vote_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            1, /* lamports */
            &VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()),
            VoteState::size_of(),
            &solana_vote_program::id(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        let current_epoch = 20;

        let process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent =
            |stake_address: &Pubkey,
             stake_account: &AccountSharedData,
             vote_account: &AccountSharedData,
             reference_vote_account: &AccountSharedData,
             expected_result| {
                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DeactivateDelinquent).unwrap(),
                    vec![
                        (*stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                        (vote_address, vote_account.clone()),
                        (reference_vote_address, reference_vote_account.clone()),
                        (
                            clock::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock {
                                epoch: current_epoch,
                                ..Clock::default()
                            }),
                        ),
                        (
                            stake_history::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&StakeHistory::default()),
                        ),
                    ],
                    vec![
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: *stake_address,
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: true,
                        },
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: vote_address,
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: false,
                        },
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: reference_vote_address,
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: false,
                        },
                    ],
                    expected_result,
                )
            };

        // `reference_vote_account` has not voted. Instruction will fail
        process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Err(StakeError::InsufficientReferenceVotes.into()),
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has not consistently voted for at least
        // `MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION`.
        // Instruction will fail
        let mut reference_vote_state = VoteState::default();
        for epoch in 0..MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION / 2 {
            reference_vote_state.increment_credits(epoch as Epoch, 1);
        }
        reference_vote_account
            .serialize_data(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(reference_vote_state))
            .unwrap();

        process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Err(StakeError::InsufficientReferenceVotes.into()),
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has not consistently voted for the last
        // `MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION`.
        // Instruction will fail
        let mut reference_vote_state = VoteState::default();
        for epoch in 0..=current_epoch {
            reference_vote_state.increment_credits(epoch, 1);
        }
        assert_eq!(
            reference_vote_state.epoch_credits[current_epoch as usize - 2].0,
            current_epoch - 2
        );
        reference_vote_state
            .epoch_credits
            .remove(current_epoch as usize - 2);
        assert_eq!(
            reference_vote_state.epoch_credits[current_epoch as usize - 2].0,
            current_epoch - 1
        );
        reference_vote_account
            .serialize_data(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(reference_vote_state))
            .unwrap();

        process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Err(StakeError::InsufficientReferenceVotes.into()),
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has consistently voted and `vote_account` has never voted.
        // Instruction will succeed
        let mut reference_vote_state = VoteState::default();
        for epoch in 0..=current_epoch {
            reference_vote_state.increment_credits(epoch, 1);
        }
        reference_vote_account
            .serialize_data(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(reference_vote_state))
            .unwrap();

        let post_stake_account = &process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Ok(()),
        )[0];

        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(post_stake_account)
                .unwrap()
                .delegation
                .deactivation_epoch,
            current_epoch
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has consistently voted and `vote_account` has not voted for the
        // last `MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION`.
        // Instruction will succeed

        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();
        for epoch in 0..MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION / 2 {
            vote_state.increment_credits(epoch as Epoch, 1);
        }
        vote_account
            .serialize_data(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(vote_state))
            .unwrap();

        let post_stake_account = &process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Ok(()),
        )[0];

        assert_eq!(
            stake_from(post_stake_account)
                .unwrap()
                .delegation
                .deactivation_epoch,
            current_epoch
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has consistently voted and `vote_account` has not voted for the
        // last `MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION`. Try to deactivate an unrelated stake
        // account.  Instruction will fail
        let unrelated_vote_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let unrelated_stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let mut unrelated_stake_account = stake_account.clone();
        assert_ne!(unrelated_vote_address, vote_address);
        unrelated_stake_account
            .serialize_data(&StakeStateV2::Stake(
                Meta::default(),
                new_stake(
                    1, /* stake */
                    &unrelated_vote_address,
                    &VoteState::default(),
                    1, /* activation_epoch */
                ),
                StakeFlags::empty(),
            ))
            .unwrap();

        process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &unrelated_stake_address,
            &unrelated_stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Err(StakeError::VoteAddressMismatch.into()),
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has consistently voted and `vote_account` voted once
        // `MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION` ago.
        // Instruction will succeed
        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();
        vote_state.increment_credits(
            current_epoch - MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION as Epoch,
            1,
        );
        vote_account
            .serialize_data(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(vote_state))
            .unwrap();
        process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Ok(()),
        );

        // `reference_vote_account` has consistently voted and `vote_account` voted once
        // `MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION` - 1 epochs ago
        // Instruction will fail
        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();
        vote_state.increment_credits(
            current_epoch - (MINIMUM_DELINQUENT_EPOCHS_FOR_DEACTIVATION - 1) as Epoch,
            1,
        );
        vote_account
            .serialize_data(&VoteStateVersions::new_current(vote_state))
            .unwrap();
        process_instruction_deactivate_delinquent(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &vote_account,
            &reference_vote_account,
            Err(StakeError::MinimumDelinquentEpochsForDeactivationNotMet.into()),
        );
    }

    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown_no_minimum_delegation(); "old_warmup_cooldown_no_min_delegation")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_old_warmup_cooldown(); "old_warmup_cooldown")]
    #[test_case(feature_set_all_enabled(); "all_enabled")]
    fn test_redelegate(feature_set: Arc<FeatureSet>) {
        let feature_set = Arc::new(feature_set);

        let minimum_delegation = crate::get_minimum_delegation(&feature_set);
        let rent = Rent::default();
        let rent_exempt_reserve = rent.minimum_balance(StakeStateV2::size_of());
        let stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
        let current_epoch = 100;

        let authorized_staker = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let vote_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let new_vote_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();
        let uninitialized_stake_address = Pubkey::new_unique();

        let prepare_stake_account = |activation_epoch, expected_stake_activation_status| {
            let initial_stake_delegation = minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve;
            let initial_stake_state = StakeStateV2::Stake(
                Meta {
                    authorized: Authorized {
                        staker: authorized_staker,
                        withdrawer: Pubkey::new_unique(),
                    },
                    rent_exempt_reserve,
                    ..Meta::default()
                },
                new_stake(
                    initial_stake_delegation,
                    &vote_address,
                    &VoteState::default(),
                    activation_epoch,
                ),
                StakeFlags::empty(),
            );

            if let Some(expected_stake_activation_status) = expected_stake_activation_status {
                assert_eq!(
                    expected_stake_activation_status,
                    initial_stake_state
                        .delegation()
                        .unwrap()
                        .stake_activating_and_deactivating(current_epoch, &stake_history, None)
                );
            }

            AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
                rent_exempt_reserve + initial_stake_delegation, /* lamports */
                &initial_stake_state,
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &id(),
            )
            .unwrap()
        };

        let new_vote_account = AccountSharedData::new_data_with_space(
            1, /* lamports */
            &VoteStateVersions::new_current(VoteState::default()),
            VoteState::size_of(),
            &solana_vote_program::id(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        let process_instruction_redelegate =
            |stake_address: &Pubkey,
             stake_account: &AccountSharedData,
             authorized_staker: &Pubkey,
             vote_address: &Pubkey,
             vote_account: &AccountSharedData,
             uninitialized_stake_address: &Pubkey,
             uninitialized_stake_account: &AccountSharedData,
             expected_result| {
                #[allow(deprecated)]
                process_instruction(
                    Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                    &serialize(&StakeInstruction::Redelegate).unwrap(),
                    vec![
                        (*stake_address, stake_account.clone()),
                        (
                            *uninitialized_stake_address,
                            uninitialized_stake_account.clone(),
                        ),
                        (*vote_address, vote_account.clone()),
                        (*authorized_staker, AccountSharedData::default()),
                        (
                            stake_config::id(),
                            config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
                        ),
                        (
                            stake_history::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                        ),
                        (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                        (
                            clock::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock {
                                epoch: current_epoch,
                                ..Clock::default()
                            }),
                        ),
                        (
                            epoch_schedule::id(),
                            create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                        ),
                    ],
                    vec![
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: *stake_address,
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: true,
                        },
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: *uninitialized_stake_address,
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: true,
                        },
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: *vote_address,
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: false,
                        },
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                            is_signer: false,
                            is_writable: false,
                        },
                        AccountMeta {
                            pubkey: *authorized_staker,
                            is_signer: true,
                            is_writable: false,
                        },
                    ],
                    expected_result,
                )
            };

        //
        // Failure: incorrect authorized staker
        //
        let stake_account = prepare_stake_account(0 /*activation_epoch*/, None);
        let uninitialized_stake_account =
            AccountSharedData::new(0 /* lamports */, StakeStateV2::size_of(), &id());

        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &Pubkey::new_unique(), // <-- Incorrect authorized staker
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(InstructionError::MissingRequiredSignature),
        );

        //
        // Success: normal case
        //
        let output_accounts = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Ok(()),
        );

        assert_eq!(output_accounts[0].lamports(), rent_exempt_reserve);
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, _) = output_accounts[0].deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            assert_eq!(meta.rent_exempt_reserve, rent_exempt_reserve);
            assert_eq!(
                stake.delegation.stake,
                minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve
            );
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.activation_epoch, 0);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch, current_epoch);
        } else {
            panic!("Invalid output_accounts[0] data");
        }
        assert_eq!(
            output_accounts[1].lamports(),
            minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve
        );
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, _) = output_accounts[1].deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            assert_eq!(meta.rent_exempt_reserve, rent_exempt_reserve);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.stake, minimum_delegation);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.activation_epoch, current_epoch);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch, u64::MAX);
        } else {
            panic!("Invalid output_accounts[1] data");
        }

        //
        // Variations of rescinding the deactivation of `stake_account`
        //
        let deactivated_stake_accounts = [
            (
                // Failure: insufficient stake in `stake_account` to even delegate normally
                {
                    let mut deactivated_stake_account = output_accounts[0].clone();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                        .checked_add_lamports(minimum_delegation - 1)
                        .unwrap();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                },
                Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()),
            ),
            (
                // Failure: `stake_account` holds the "virtual stake" that's cooling now, with the
                //          real stake now warming up in `uninitialized_stake_account`
                {
                    let mut deactivated_stake_account = output_accounts[0].clone();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                        .checked_add_lamports(minimum_delegation)
                        .unwrap();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                },
                Err(StakeError::TooSoonToRedelegate.into()),
            ),
            (
                // Success: `stake_account` has been replenished with additional lamports to
                // fully realize its "virtual stake"
                {
                    let mut deactivated_stake_account = output_accounts[0].clone();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                        .checked_add_lamports(minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve)
                        .unwrap();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                },
                Ok(()),
            ),
            (
                // Failure: `stake_account` has been replenished with 1 lamport less than what's
                // necessary to fully realize its "virtual stake"
                {
                    let mut deactivated_stake_account = output_accounts[0].clone();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                        .checked_add_lamports(minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve - 1)
                        .unwrap();
                    deactivated_stake_account
                },
                Err(StakeError::TooSoonToRedelegate.into()),
            ),
        ];
        for (deactivated_stake_account, expected_result) in deactivated_stake_accounts {
            #[allow(deprecated)]
            process_instruction(
                Arc::clone(&feature_set),
                &serialize(&StakeInstruction::DelegateStake).unwrap(),
                vec![
                    (stake_address, deactivated_stake_account),
                    (vote_address, new_vote_account.clone()),
                    (authorized_staker, AccountSharedData::default()),
                    (
                        stake_config::id(),
                        config::create_account(0, &stake_config::Config::default()),
                    ),
                    (
                        stake_history::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&stake_history),
                    ),
                    (rent::id(), create_account_shared_data_for_test(&rent)),
                    (
                        clock::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&Clock {
                            epoch: current_epoch,
                            ..Clock::default()
                        }),
                    ),
                    (
                        epoch_schedule::id(),
                        create_account_shared_data_for_test(&EpochSchedule::default()),
                    ),
                ],
                vec![
                    AccountMeta {
                        pubkey: stake_address,
                        is_signer: false,
                        is_writable: true,
                    },
                    AccountMeta {
                        pubkey: vote_address,
                        is_signer: false,
                        is_writable: false,
                    },
                    AccountMeta {
                        pubkey: clock::id(),
                        is_signer: false,
                        is_writable: false,
                    },
                    AccountMeta {
                        pubkey: stake_history::id(),
                        is_signer: false,
                        is_writable: false,
                    },
                    AccountMeta {
                        pubkey: stake_config::id(),
                        is_signer: false,
                        is_writable: false,
                    },
                    AccountMeta {
                        pubkey: authorized_staker,
                        is_signer: true,
                        is_writable: false,
                    },
                ],
                expected_result,
            );
        }

        //
        // Success: `uninitialized_stake_account` starts with 42 extra lamports
        //
        let uninitialized_stake_account_with_extra_lamports =
            AccountSharedData::new(42 /* lamports */, StakeStateV2::size_of(), &id());
        let output_accounts = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account_with_extra_lamports,
            Ok(()),
        );

        assert_eq!(output_accounts[0].lamports(), rent_exempt_reserve);
        assert_eq!(
            output_accounts[1].lamports(),
            minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve + 42
        );
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, _) = output_accounts[1].deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            assert_eq!(meta.rent_exempt_reserve, rent_exempt_reserve);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.stake, minimum_delegation + 42);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.activation_epoch, current_epoch);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch, u64::MAX);
        } else {
            panic!("Invalid output_accounts[1] data");
        }

        //
        // Success: `stake_account` is over-allocated and holds a greater than required `rent_exempt_reserve`
        //
        let mut stake_account_over_allocated =
            prepare_stake_account(0 /*activation_epoch:*/, None);
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(mut meta, stake, stake_flags) =
            stake_account_over_allocated.deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            meta.rent_exempt_reserve += 42;
            stake_account_over_allocated
                .set_state(&StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags))
                .unwrap();
        }
        stake_account_over_allocated
            .checked_add_lamports(42)
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            stake_account_over_allocated.lamports(),
            (minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve) + (rent_exempt_reserve + 42),
        );
        assert_eq!(uninitialized_stake_account.lamports(), 0);
        let output_accounts = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account_over_allocated,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Ok(()),
        );

        assert_eq!(output_accounts[0].lamports(), rent_exempt_reserve + 42);
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, _stake, _) = output_accounts[0].deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            assert_eq!(meta.rent_exempt_reserve, rent_exempt_reserve + 42);
        } else {
            panic!("Invalid output_accounts[0] data");
        }
        assert_eq!(
            output_accounts[1].lamports(),
            minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve,
        );
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, _) = output_accounts[1].deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            assert_eq!(meta.rent_exempt_reserve, rent_exempt_reserve);
            assert_eq!(stake.delegation.stake, minimum_delegation);
        } else {
            panic!("Invalid output_accounts[1] data");
        }

        //
        // Failure: `uninitialized_stake_account` with invalid program id
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &AccountSharedData::new(
                0, /* lamports */
                StakeStateV2::size_of(),
                &Pubkey::new_unique(), // <-- Invalid program id
            ),
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );

        //
        // Failure: `uninitialized_stake_account` with size too small
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &AccountSharedData::new(0 /* lamports */, StakeStateV2::size_of() - 1, &id()), // <-- size too small
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        //
        // Failure: `uninitialized_stake_account` with size too large
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &AccountSharedData::new(0 /* lamports */, StakeStateV2::size_of() + 1, &id()), // <-- size too large
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        //
        // Failure: `uninitialized_stake_account` with initialized stake account
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &stake_account.clone(), // <-- Initialized stake account
            Err(InstructionError::AccountAlreadyInitialized),
        );

        //
        // Failure: invalid `new_vote_account`
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account, // <-- Invalid vote account
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(InstructionError::IncorrectProgramId),
        );

        //
        // Failure: invalid `stake_account`
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account, // <-- Uninitialized stake account
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(InstructionError::InvalidAccountData),
        );

        //
        // Failure: stake is inactive, activating or deactivating
        //
        let inactive_stake_account = prepare_stake_account(
            current_epoch + 1, /*activation_epoch*/
            Some(StakeActivationStatus {
                effective: 0,
                activating: 0,
                deactivating: 0,
            }),
        );
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &inactive_stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(StakeError::RedelegateTransientOrInactiveStake.into()),
        );

        let activating_stake_account = prepare_stake_account(
            current_epoch, /*activation_epoch*/
            Some(StakeActivationStatus {
                effective: 0,
                activating: minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve,
                deactivating: 0,
            }),
        );
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &activating_stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(StakeError::RedelegateTransientOrInactiveStake.into()),
        );

        let mut deactivating_stake_account =
            prepare_stake_account(0 /*activation_epoch:*/, None);
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, mut stake, _stake_flags) =
            deactivating_stake_account.deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            stake.deactivate(current_epoch).unwrap();
            assert_eq!(
                StakeActivationStatus {
                    effective: minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve,
                    activating: 0,
                    deactivating: minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve,
                },
                stake.delegation.stake_activating_and_deactivating(
                    current_epoch,
                    &stake_history,
                    None
                )
            );

            deactivating_stake_account
                .set_state(&StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, StakeFlags::empty()))
                .unwrap();
        }
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &deactivating_stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(StakeError::RedelegateTransientOrInactiveStake.into()),
        );

        //
        // Failure: `stake_account` has insufficient stake
        //          (less than `minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve`)
        //
        let mut stake_account_too_few_lamports = stake_account.clone();
        if let StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, mut stake, stake_flags) =
            stake_account_too_few_lamports.deserialize_data().unwrap()
        {
            stake.delegation.stake -= 1;
            assert_eq!(
                stake.delegation.stake,
                minimum_delegation + rent_exempt_reserve - 1
            );
            stake_account_too_few_lamports
                .set_state(&StakeStateV2::Stake(meta, stake, stake_flags))
                .unwrap();
        } else {
            panic!("Invalid stake_account");
        }
        stake_account_too_few_lamports
            .checked_sub_lamports(1)
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            stake_account_too_few_lamports.lamports(),
            minimum_delegation + 2 * rent_exempt_reserve - 1
        );

        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account_too_few_lamports,
            &authorized_staker,
            &new_vote_address,
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(StakeError::InsufficientDelegation.into()),
        );

        //
        // Failure: redelegate to same vote address
        //
        let _ = process_instruction_redelegate(
            &stake_address,
            &stake_account,
            &authorized_staker,
            &vote_address, // <-- Same vote address
            &new_vote_account,
            &uninitialized_stake_address,
            &uninitialized_stake_account,
            Err(StakeError::RedelegateToSameVoteAccount.into()),
        );
    }
}