Parsing Expression Grammars in Rust
rust-peg
is a simple yet flexible parser generator that makes it easy to write robust parsers. Based on the Parsing Expression Grammar formalism, it provides a Rust macro that builds a recursive descent parser from a concise definition of the grammar.
Features
- Parse input from
&str
,&[u8]
,&[T]
or custom types implementing traits - Customizable reporting of parse errors
- Rules can accept arguments to create reusable rule templates
- Precedence climbing for prefix/postfix/infix expressions
- Helpful
rustc
error messages for errors in the grammar definition or the Rust code embedded within it - Rule-level tracing to debug grammars
Example
Parse a comma-separated list of numbers surrounded by brackets into a Vec<u32>
:
!
parser
See the tests for more examples
Grammar rule syntax reference in rustdoc
Comparison with similar parser generators
crate | parser type | action code | integration | input type | precedence climbing | parameterized rules | streaming input |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
peg | PEG | in grammar | proc macro (block) | &str , &[T] , custom |
Yes | Yes | No |
pest | PEG | external | proc macro (file) | &str |
Yes | No | No |
nom | combinators | in source | library | &[u8] , custom |
No | Yes | Yes |
lalrpop | LR(1) | in grammar | build script | &str |
No | Yes | No |
See also
- pegviz is a UI for visualizing rust-peg's trace output to debug parsers.
- There exist several crates to format diagnostic messages on source code snippets in the terminal, including chic, annotate-snippets, codespan-reporting, and codemap-diagnostic.
Development
The rust-peg
grammar is written in rust-peg
: peg-macros/grammar.rustpeg
. To avoid the circular dependency, a precompiled grammar is checked in as peg-macros/grammar.rs
. To regenerate this, run the ./bootstrap.sh
script.
There is a large test suite which uses trybuild
to test both functionality (tests/run-pass
) and error messages for incorrect grammars (tests/compile-fail
). Because rustc
error messages change, the compile-fail
tests are only run on the minimum supported Rust version to avoid spurious failures.
Use cargo test
to run the entire suite,
or cargo test -- trybuild trybuild=lifetimes.rs
to test just the indicated file.
Add --features trace
to trace these tests.