pub trait Display {
// Required method
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>;
}
Expand description
Format trait for an empty format, {}
.
Implementing this trait for a type will automatically implement the
ToString
trait for the type, allowing the usage
of the .to_string()
method. Prefer implementing
the Display
trait for a type, rather than ToString
.
Display
is similar to Debug
, but Display
is for user-facing
output, and so cannot be derived.
For more information on formatters, see the module-level documentation.
§Internationalization
Because a type can only have one Display
implementation, it is often preferable
to only implement Display
when there is a single most “obvious” way that
values can be formatted as text. This could mean formatting according to the
“invariant” culture and “undefined” locale, or it could mean that the type
display is designed for a specific culture/locale, such as developer logs.
If not all values have a justifiably canonical textual format or if you want
to support alternative formats not covered by the standard set of possible
formatting traits, the most flexible approach is display adapters: methods
like str::escape_default
or Path::display
which create a wrapper
implementing Display
to output the specific display format.
§Examples
Implementing Display
on a type:
use std::fmt;
struct Point {
x: i32,
y: i32,
}
impl fmt::Display for Point {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "({}, {})", self.x, self.y)
}
}
let origin = Point { x: 0, y: 0 };
assert_eq!(format!("The origin is: {origin}"), "The origin is: (0, 0)");
Required Methods§
1.0.0 · Sourcefn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
Formats the value using the given formatter.
§Errors
This function should return Err
if, and only if, the provided Formatter
returns Err
.
String formatting is considered an infallible operation; this function only
returns a Result
because writing to the underlying stream might fail and it must
provide a way to propagate the fact that an error has occurred back up the stack.
§Examples
use std::fmt;
struct Position {
longitude: f32,
latitude: f32,
}
impl fmt::Display for Position {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "({}, {})", self.longitude, self.latitude)
}
}
assert_eq!(
"(1.987, 2.983)",
format!("{}", Position { longitude: 1.987, latitude: 2.983, }),
);
Implementors§
impl Display for BuildModel
impl Display for ShadowError
impl Display for AsciiChar
impl Display for Infallible
impl Display for FromBytesWithNulError
impl Display for IpAddr
impl Display for SocketAddr
impl Display for GetDisjointMutError
impl Display for VarError
impl Display for ErrorKind
impl Display for RecvTimeoutError
impl Display for TryRecvError
impl Display for Cfg
impl Display for CfgExpr
impl Display for Platform
impl Display for ParseErrorKind
impl Display for DependencyKind
impl Display for CrateType
impl Display for Edition
impl Display for TargetKind
impl Display for cargo_metadata::errors::Error
impl Display for ArtifactDebuginfo
impl Display for ObjectType
impl Display for ReferenceType
impl Display for GetTimezoneError
impl Display for CodePointInversionListError
impl Display for CodePointInversionListAndStringListError
impl Display for icu_collections::codepointtrie::error::Error
impl Display for ParserError
impl Display for LocaleTransformError
impl Display for NormalizerError
impl Display for PropertiesError
impl Display for DataErrorKind
impl Display for Level
impl Display for LevelFilter
impl Display for serde_json::value::Value
impl Display for CollectionAllocErr
impl Display for time::error::Error
impl Display for Format
impl Display for InvalidFormatDescription
impl Display for Parse
impl Display for ParseFromDescription
impl Display for TryFromParsed
impl Display for Month
impl Display for Weekday
impl Display for TinyStrError
impl Display for DateTimeError
impl Display for tz::error::Error
impl Display for TzError
impl Display for ParseDataError
impl Display for TzFileError
impl Display for TzStringError
impl Display for LocalTimeTypeError
impl Display for TimeZoneError
impl Display for TransitionRuleError
impl Display for NowError
impl Display for url::parser::ParseError
impl Display for SyntaxViolation
impl Display for ZeroVecError
impl Display for bool
impl Display for char
impl Display for f32
impl Display for f64
impl Display for i8
impl Display for i16
impl Display for i32
impl Display for i64
impl Display for i128
impl Display for isize
impl Display for !
impl Display for str
impl Display for u8
impl Display for u16
impl Display for u32
impl Display for u64
impl Display for u128
impl Display for usize
impl Display for String
impl Display for ByteString
impl Display for UnorderedKeyError
impl Display for TryReserveError
impl Display for FromVecWithNulError
impl Display for IntoStringError
impl Display for NulError
impl Display for FromUtf8Error
impl Display for FromUtf16Error
impl Display for LayoutError
impl Display for AllocError
impl Display for TryFromSliceError
impl Display for core::ascii::EscapeDefault
impl Display for ByteStr
impl Display for BorrowError
impl Display for BorrowMutError
impl Display for CharTryFromError
impl Display for ParseCharError
impl Display for DecodeUtf16Error
impl Display for core::char::EscapeDebug
impl Display for core::char::EscapeDefault
impl Display for core::char::EscapeUnicode
impl Display for ToLowercase
impl Display for ToUppercase
impl Display for TryFromCharError
impl Display for FromBytesUntilNulError
impl Display for Ipv4Addr
impl Display for Ipv6Addr
Writes an Ipv6Addr, conforming to the canonical style described by RFC 5952.
impl Display for AddrParseError
impl Display for SocketAddrV4
impl Display for SocketAddrV6
impl Display for ParseFloatError
impl Display for core::num::error::ParseIntError
impl Display for core::num::error::TryFromIntError
impl Display for Location<'_>
impl Display for PanicInfo<'_>
impl Display for PanicMessage<'_>
impl Display for ParseBoolError
impl Display for Utf8Error
impl Display for TryFromFloatSecsError
impl Display for Backtrace
impl Display for JoinPathsError
impl Display for std::ffi::os_str::Display<'_>
impl Display for WriterPanicked
impl Display for std::io::error::Error
impl Display for PanicHookInfo<'_>
impl Display for std::path::Display<'_>
impl Display for StripPrefixError
impl Display for ExitStatus
impl Display for ExitStatusError
impl Display for RecvError
impl Display for AccessError
impl Display for SystemTimeError
impl Display for bitflags::parser::ParseError
impl Display for FromPathBufError
impl Display for FromPathError
impl Display for Utf8Path
impl Display for Utf8PathBuf
impl Display for cargo_platform::error::ParseError
impl Display for Diagnostic
impl Display for CompilerMessage
impl Display for PackageId
impl Display for Source
impl Display for deranged::ParseIntError
impl Display for deranged::TryFromIntError
impl Display for git2::error::Error
impl Display for Oid
impl Display for Other
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for icu_locid::extensions::other::subtag::Subtag
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for icu_locid::extensions::private::other::Subtag
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Private
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Extensions
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Fields
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for icu_locid::extensions::transform::key::Key
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Transform
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for icu_locid::extensions::transform::value::Value
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Attribute
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Attributes
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for icu_locid::extensions::unicode::key::Key
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Keywords
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, Writeable::write_to_string
is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Unicode
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for icu_locid::extensions::unicode::value::Value
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for LanguageIdentifier
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, Writeable::write_to_string
is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Locale
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, Writeable::write_to_string
is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Language
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Region
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Script
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Variant
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for Variants
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, [Writeable::write_to_string
] is usually more efficient.
impl Display for MirroredPairedBracketDataTryFromError
impl Display for DataError
impl Display for FormattedHelloWorld<'_>
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, Writeable::write_to_string
is usually more efficient.
impl Display for DataKey
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, Writeable::write_to_string
is usually more efficient.
impl Display for DataLocale
This trait is implemented for compatibility with fmt!
.
To create a string, Writeable::write_to_string
is usually more efficient.
impl Display for DataRequest<'_>
impl Display for Errors
impl Display for ParseLevelError
impl Display for SetLoggerError
impl Display for semver::parse::Error
impl Display for BuildMetadata
impl Display for Comparator
impl Display for Prerelease
impl Display for Version
impl Display for VersionReq
impl Display for serde::de::value::Error
impl Display for serde_json::error::Error
impl Display for Number
impl Display for Date
impl Display for Duration
The format returned by this implementation is not stable and must not be relied upon.
By default this produces an exact, full-precision printout of the duration.
For a concise, rounded printout instead, you can use the .N
format specifier:
let duration = Duration::new(123456, 789011223);
println!("{duration:.3}");
For the purposes of this implementation, a day is exactly 24 hours and a minute is exactly 60 seconds.
impl Display for ComponentRange
impl Display for ConversionRange
impl Display for DifferentVariant
impl Display for IndeterminateOffset
impl Display for InvalidVariant
impl Display for OffsetDateTime
impl Display for PrimitiveDateTime
impl Display for Time
impl Display for UtcOffset
impl Display for DateTime
impl Display for UtcDateTime
impl Display for Url
Display the serialization of this URL.